{"id":1004,"date":"2023-11-26T00:21:22","date_gmt":"2023-11-25T23:21:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/?p=1004"},"modified":"2023-11-26T20:26:40","modified_gmt":"2023-11-26T19:26:40","slug":"jak-proti-stresu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/2023\/11\/26\/jak-proti-stresu\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak proti stresu?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pozor na ne\u010dinnost a apatii<\/strong>
\nObecn\u011b se m\u00e1 za to, \u017ee a\u0165 je stres vyvol\u00e1n z\u00e1porn\u00fdm \u010di kladn\u00fdm citov\u00fdm vzru\u0161en\u00edm, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pro lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd. Ale je tomu tak skute\u010dn\u011b v\u017edycky? V\u017edy\u0165 ji\u017e bylo dok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee klidn\u00fd \u017eivot nen\u00ed z\u00e1rukou dobr\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00edho stavu.<\/p>\n

Jsou p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy se pacient se \u017ealude\u010dn\u00edmi v\u0159edy vyl\u00e9\u010d\u00ed, ale ne\u010dekan\u011b se u n\u011bho objev\u00ed hypertenze; sotva se hypertenze odstran\u00ed, dostav\u00ed se srde\u010dn\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee. Jak\u00fd je k tomu d\u016fvod? U v\u0161ech t\u011bchto chorob byla zji\u0161t\u011bna jedna a t\u00e1\u017e p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina \u2014 psychosomatick\u00e1 porucha (soma znamen\u00e1 \u0159ecky t\u011blo). A t\u00e9to poru\u0161e padne za ob\u011b\u0165 nejzraniteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u00edsto v organismu. V l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed existuje dokonce sm\u011br, kter\u00fd hl\u00e1s\u00e1, \u017ee existuj\u00ed choroby zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 t\u00edm, \u017ee negativn\u00ed citov\u00e9 vzru\u0161en\u00ed nebylo ventilov\u00e1no.<\/p>\n

Tento sm\u011br je zalo\u017een na p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee dne\u0161n\u00ed civilizace s k\u0159ehk\u00fdmi, slo\u017eit\u00fdmi mezilidsk\u00fdmi vztahy a r\u016fzn\u00fdmi mor\u00e1ln\u00edmi tabu nau\u010dila lidi ovl\u00e1dat se. A tak bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed reakce na takzvan\u00fd negativn\u00ed stres, vlastn\u00ed na\u0161im prap\u0159edk\u016fm (\u00fat\u011bk, boj, n\u00e1\u0159ek atd.), se dnes zpravidla nedostavuje. Emoce se potla\u010d\u00ed, ov\u0161em organismus t\u00edm trp\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Stoupenci uveden\u00e9ho sm\u011bru a jeho zakladatel americk\u00fd v\u011bdec F. Alexander hodnot\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad hypertenzi jako d\u016fsledek dlouhodob\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed a v\u016fle jednat a\u010d to nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ealude\u010dn\u00ed v\u0159edy jako d\u016fsledek neukojen\u00e9 pot\u0159eby br\u00e1nit se a bronchi\u00e1ln\u00ed astma jako symbol vol\u00e1n\u00ed o pomoc.<\/p>\n

Ale jsou fakta a jevy, na n\u011b\u017e toto sch\u00e9ma neplat\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad za v\u00e1lky, kdy negativn\u00ed citov\u00e9 vzru\u0161en\u00ed prudce nar\u016fst\u00e1, strava a \u017eivotn\u00ed podm\u00ednky jsou nesrovnateln\u011b hor\u0161\u00ed a lidsk\u00e9 s\u00edly jsou, jak se zd\u00e1 na sam\u00e9 hranici mo\u017enost\u00ed, mnoho psychosomatick\u00fdch chorob zcela miz\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Jin\u00fdm takov\u00fdm paradoxem je choroba z nadm\u011brn\u00e9ho \u00fasil\u00ed. Mistrovsky ji popsal Jack London v rom\u00e1nu Martin Eden. Hrdina po \u0159adu let usiluje o sl\u00e1vu, av\u0161ak na jej\u00edm vrcholu tragicky kon\u010d\u00ed, deprese ho do\u017eene k sebevra\u017ed\u011b. Tato choroba se oby\u010dejn\u011b objev\u00ed po dosa\u017een\u00ed c\u00edle v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd dal\u0161\u00ed c\u00edl nem\u00e1.<\/p>\n

M\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159ipomenout je\u0161t\u011b stres vyvolan\u00fd monot\u00f3nnost\u00ed nem\u011bnn\u00e9 situace, kter\u00e1 zd\u00e1nliv\u011b ni\u010d\u00edm nedr\u00e1\u017ed\u00ed \u2014 a\u017e na tu svou nem\u011bnnost.<\/p>\n

Jestli\u017ee vyzn\u00e1v\u00e1me n\u00e1zor, \u017ee souvislost mezi psychick\u00fdm stavem a zdrav\u00edm nen\u00ed ur\u010dov\u00e1na citov\u00fdm pro\u017eitkem (z\u00e1porn\u00fdm \u010di kladn\u00fdm), \u010d\u00edm tedy? Na tuto ot\u00e1zku odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed dva sov\u011bt\u0161t\u00ed v\u011bdci Vadim Rotenberg a Viktor Ar\u0161avskij. Podle jejich p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed je z\u00e1kladn\u00edm faktorem ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edm zdrav\u00ed charakter na\u0161eho chov\u00e1n\u00ed, zda je v n\u011bm v\u016fle po aktivaci \u010di nen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Za aktivaci pova\u017euj\u00ed tito v\u011bdci bu\u010f snahu zm\u011bnit vzniklou situaci, nebo, je-li to nemo\u017en\u00e9, zm\u011bnit sv\u016fj pom\u011br k n\u00ed; je to aktivn\u00ed hled\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdchodiska. Vzd\u00e1t se jak\u00e9hokoliv \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed situac\u00ed, kapitulovat, znamen\u00e1 poc\u00edtit nesmyslnost jak\u00e9hokoliv kon\u00e1n\u00ed, bezperspektivnost a beznad\u011bj. Takov\u00fd postoj m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nejen projevem deprese, ale tak\u00e9 ur\u010dit\u00e9 ochablosti, kdy je \u010dlov\u011bk pasivn\u011b uspokojen se sebou sam\u00fdm a s cel\u00fdm sv\u011btem. Aktivn\u00ed \u010din i v siln\u011b negativn\u00ed stresov\u00e9 situaci je lep\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ne\u010dinnost a apatie.<\/p>\n

L\u00e9ka\u0159, kter\u00fd ob\u011btav\u011b pracuje v t\u011bsn\u00e9m kontaktu s epidemiemi a nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi infek\u010dn\u00edmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi, b\u00fdv\u00e1 proti nim \u010dasto odoln\u00fd. V\u011bdec, kter\u00fd soustavn\u011b v\u011bnuje voln\u00fd \u010das tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed pr\u00e1ci, b\u00fdv\u00e1 dlouho \u017eiv. A naopak je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee aktivn\u00ed lid\u00e9 po odchodu do d\u016fchodu rychle ch\u0159adnou, nenajdou-li pro svou aktivitu uplatn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Vysok\u00e1 aktivace m\u00e1 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd biologick\u00fd v\u00fdznam, zvy\u0161uje odolnost organismu proti \u0161kodliv\u00fdm vliv\u016fm. Proto ani p\u0159i dlouhodob\u00e9m stresu nemus\u00ed po vyp\u011bt\u00ed nutn\u011b n\u00e1sledovat ochabnut\u00ed; ur\u010dit\u00e9 vys\u00edlen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee nastat tehdy, je-li aktivita vyst\u0159\u00edd\u00e1na pasivitou.
\nO mozkov\u00e9m mechanismu aktivace je zat\u00edm zn\u00e1mo velmi m\u00e1lo. V\u011bdci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee se d\u00e1 sotva vysv\u011btlit \u010dinnost\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 oblasti mozku. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1daj\u00ed, \u017ee aktivace souvis\u00ed s obsahem noradrenalinu v mozku. Ostatn\u011b je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee k depresi doch\u00e1z\u00ed z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti v d\u016fsledku sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed obsahu katecholamin\u016f v mozku, z nich\u017e jedn\u00edm je pr\u00e1v\u011b noradrenalin.<\/p>\n

\u010cten\u00ed \u010d. 5, 1987, s. 57 – 59<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pozor na ne\u010dinnost a apatii<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1002,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[60,39,51],"class_list":["post-1004","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi-2","tag-clovek","tag-psychologie","tag-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1004","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1004"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1004\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1005,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1004\/revisions\/1005"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1002"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1004"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1004"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1004"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}