{"id":1232,"date":"2023-12-22T00:33:25","date_gmt":"2023-12-21T23:33:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/?p=1232"},"modified":"2024-01-06T02:36:27","modified_gmt":"2024-01-06T01:36:27","slug":"kde-se-bere-hypersexualita","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/2023\/12\/22\/kde-se-bere-hypersexualita\/","title":{"rendered":"Kde se bere hypersexualita?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Co p\u0159esn\u011b d\u011bl\u00e1 mu\u017ee a \u017eeny neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b sexu\u00e1ln\u011b aktivn\u00ed? Toto tajemstv\u00ed bylo kone\u010dn\u011b odhaleno<\/strong>
\nA\u017e dosud byli velmi sexu\u00e1ln\u011b aktivn\u00ed lid\u00e9 pova\u017eov\u00e1ni za zdrav\u00e9, jen na jejich zp\u016fsob \u017eivota bylo pohl\u00ed\u017eeno s despektem, hlavn\u011b z mor\u00e1ln\u00edho a etick\u00e9ho hlediska.<\/p>\n

Ale to se zm\u011bnilo. V roce 2010 byla ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech za\u0159azena do Diagnostick\u00e9 a statistick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edru\u010dky du\u0161evn\u00edch poruch nov\u00e1 choroba – DSM5 – hypersexu\u00e1ln\u00ed porucha. Evropsk\u00e1 klasifikace nemoc\u00ed (ICD) byla rovn\u011b\u017e odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm zp\u016fsobem upravena evropsk\u00fdmi odborn\u00edky.<\/p>\n

Od t\u011bch dob, pokud mu\u017e vede nevyzpytateln\u00fd sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u017eivot, nen\u00ed v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b spros\u0165\u00e1k, d\u011bvka\u0159 ani maniak. A pokud jde o \u017eenu – pak nen\u00ed jednou z t\u011bch, pro kter\u00e9 je charakteristick\u00e9 kr\u00e1tk\u00e9, ale obsa\u017en\u00e9 slovo. V\u00edte jak\u00e9. Tedy nikoli \u2013 oba jsou nemocn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Nemoc byla sice pojmenov\u00e1na ale jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny z\u016fstaly nezn\u00e1m\u00e9. A\u017e do leto\u0161n\u00edho roku. D\u016fvody jsou hormon\u00e1ln\u00ed, jak zjistili \u0161v\u00e9d\u0161t\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci z Department of Neuroscience na Uppsala University ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku a Karol\u00ednsk\u00e9ho Institutu. O v\u00fdsledc\u00edch informuje Epigenetics Journal, (1), kter\u00fd cituje port\u00e1l MedicalXpress. (2)<\/p>\n

V\u011bdci, vedeni Adrianem Bostr\u00f6mem, porovn\u00e1vali krev des\u00edtek hypersexu\u00e1ln\u00edch pacient\u016f a lid\u00ed, jejich\u017e sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u017eivot byl klidn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Pozorn\u011b sledovali tzv. epigenetick\u00e9 procesy, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b methylaci, v d\u016fsledku \u010deho\u017e je aktivita ur\u010dit\u00fdch gen\u016f podle pot\u0159eby potla\u010dena.<\/p>\n

V\u011bdci uvid\u011bli, \u017ee u \u201epacient\u016f\u201c byla tato \u00farove\u0148 methylace sama o sob\u011b naru\u0161ena – v genomick\u00fdch oblastech, kter\u00e9 jsou spojeny se synt\u00e9zou hormonu oxytocinu, nebyla dostate\u010dn\u011b siln\u00e1. Geny odpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za jeho produkci z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u201eneomezen\u00e9\u201c a produkuj\u00ed tento hormon v nadbytku. Co\u017e, m\u00edrn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, provokuje – mu\u017ee i \u017eeny. Oxytocin toti\u017e zvy\u0161uje sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed touhu, a touhu po sexu\u00e1ln\u00edm pot\u011b\u0161en\u00ed. Ale co je nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed: p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k dosa\u017een\u00ed orgasmu – se v\u0161emi p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fdmi pocity, kter\u00e9 doprov\u00e1zej\u00ed tento slo\u017eit\u00fd neuroendokrinn\u00ed proces. Hormon m\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinek podobn\u00fd omamn\u00fdm l\u00e1tk\u00e1m – zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i p\u0159ed\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed. U zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 citliv\u00fdch jedinc\u016f jsou spu\u0161t\u011bny n\u00e1vykov\u00e9 procesy, od \u010deho\u017e je jen krok k hypersexu\u00e1ln\u00ed poru\u0161e.
\n\u017d\u00edt bez oxytocinu je tak\u00e9 nemo\u017en\u00e9 – tento hormon zvy\u0161uje d\u016fv\u011bru lid\u00ed v sebe navz\u00e1jem. A vyb\u00edz\u00ed heterosexu\u00e1ln\u00ed mu\u017ee, aby se zamilovali do heterosexu\u00e1ln\u00edch \u017een. A naopak.<\/p>\n

Jak dos\u00e1hnout toho, aby oxytocin byl norm\u011b, nen\u00ed zat\u00edm jasn\u00e9. I kdy\u017e je nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u010das to zjistit. Pokud v\u011b\u0159\u00edme statistik\u00e1m, existuje dostatek hypersexu\u00e1ln\u00edch pacient\u016f \u2013 je to asi 5-6 procent z celkov\u00e9 populace Zem\u011b, tj. t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 500 milion\u016f lid\u00ed. A jejich projevy, jak by o tom mohli hovo\u0159it psychiat\u0159i, jsou velmi rozmanit\u00e9: od obsedantn\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti na pornografii a masturbaci, po neodolatelnou touhu po n\u011bjak\u00e9m riskantn\u00edm sexu – ve v\u00fdtahu, v tax\u00edku, na h\u0159bitov\u011b, v letadle, a nebo sex za pen\u00edze.<\/p>\n

L\u00e9\u010dba takov\u00e9 z\u00e1vislosti byla doposud rozmanit\u00e1 \u2013 sezen\u00ed u psycholog\u016f, l\u00e9ka\u0159i p\u0159edepisuj\u00ed sedativa, prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed terapii, kter\u00e1 zlep\u0161uje celkov\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed. \u201eL\u00e9\u010d\u00ed\u201c zpravidla bohat\u00e9 pacienty na specializovan\u00fdch klinik\u00e1ch. Je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee ur\u010dit\u00fdmi postupy pro\u0161li nap\u0159. Kevin Spacy, Harvey Weinstein, Tiger Woods, Kate Moss, Ellie MacPherson, Selena Gomez, aj.<\/p>\n

7 p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f onemocn\u011bn\u00ed sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1vislost\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n

Podle p\u0159edstav l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f by m\u011bl b\u00fdt \u010dlov\u011bk ozna\u010den jako sexu\u00e1ln\u011b z\u00e1visl\u00e1 osoba, pokud alespo\u0148 po dobu \u0161esti m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f p\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1 intenzivn\u00ed a st\u00e1lou sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed fantazii a podn\u011bty. P\u0159itom se pacient \u0161patn\u011b kontroluje a ignoruje nebezpe\u010d\u00ed fyzick\u00e9 a emo\u010dn\u00ed \u00fajmy. Existuj\u00ed v\u0161ak specifick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky:<\/p>\n

1. M\u00e1te pocit, \u017ee sv\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed nem\u00e1te pod kontrolou
\n2. Ch\u00e1pete, \u017ee uspokojen\u00edm sv\u00e9 \u201ev\u00e1\u0161n\u011b\u201c m\u016f\u017eete d\u011blat spoustu hloup\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed
\n3. Chcete se zbavit z\u00e1vislosti, ale nem\u016f\u017eete
\n4. K zabaven\u00ed pot\u0159ebujete st\u00e1le v\u00edce sexu
\n5. Str\u00e1v\u00edte st\u00e1le v\u00edce \u010dasu hled\u00e1n\u00edm sexu\u00e1ln\u00edch partner\u016f
\n6. Sexem ob\u011btujete dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 aspekty sv\u00e9ho \u017eivota
\n7. Sex vn\u00edm\u00e1te pouze jako zp\u016fsob, jak se zabavit.<\/p>\n

Pokud se c\u00edt\u00edte b\u00fdt takto nemocn\u00fdm, pak to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee jste otr\u00e1veni oxytocinem, m\u011bli byste u sebe naj\u00edt v\u0161ech sedm p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f. Jinak jste simulant.<\/p>\n

Mimochodem, je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee oxytocin bude obvi\u0148ov\u00e1n z jin\u00fdch \u201enemoc\u00ed\u201c, kter\u00e9 byly prost\u011b d\u0159\u00edve pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za \u0161patn\u00e9 n\u00e1vyky.<\/p>\n

D\u0159\u00edve byli za nemocn\u00e9 pova\u017eov\u00e1ni pouze alkoholici, spolu s drogov\u011b z\u00e1visl\u00fdmi. Dnes u\u017e je to pestr\u00e1 sm\u011bsice z\u00e1vislost\u00ed – hazardn\u00ed hr\u00e1\u010di, \u017eravci a anorektici, i ti, co po\u0159\u00e1daj\u00ed rodinn\u00e9 sc\u00e9ny se zl\u00fdm k\u0159ikem a \u00fatokem. I pravideln\u00fd projev tuposti je nyn\u00ed tak\u00e9 nemoc\u00ed. Psychiat\u0159i ji l\u00e1skypln\u011b naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed m\u00edrnou neurokognitivn\u00ed poruchou…<\/p>\n

Hypersexualita se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed po mate\u0159sk\u00e9 linii?<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u011bdci z University v Ohio (Ohio State University), veden\u00ed profesorkou Claire Kamp Dush, analyzovali \u00fadaje, kter\u00e9 byly shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bny v d\u016fsledku rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho sociologick\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu, National Longitudinal Survey of Youth Child Young Adult, kter\u00fd trval od roku 1979. Vyslechli 7100 matek a jejich biologick\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed. Uk\u00e1zalo se, \u017ee po\u010det sexu\u00e1ln\u00edch partner\u016f byl pro oba p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b stejn\u00fd. Potomci v intimn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b se podobali matk\u00e1m, jak dcery, tak i synov\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Pravidelnosti, kter\u00e9 v\u011bdci objevili, nez\u00e1visely na materi\u00e1ln\u00ed situaci zkouman\u00fdch osob, ani na jejich spole\u010densk\u00e9m postaven\u00ed, ani na \u017eivotn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Nav\u00edc potomci \u010dasto nev\u011bd\u011bli o intimn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b sv\u00fdch matek.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkum byl dokon\u010den minul\u00fd rok. Ji\u017e tehdy – p\u0159ed objeven\u00edm \u201e\u0161kodliv\u00e9\u201c role oxytocinu, jejich auto\u0159i navrhli, \u017ee takov\u00e1 \u00fa\u017easn\u00e1 kontinuita generac\u00ed je zp\u016fsobena n\u011bkter\u00fdmi z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi procesy – mo\u017en\u00e1 genetick\u00fdmi. Nyn\u00ed je to v podstat\u011b potvrzeno. Oba v\u00fdzkumy do sebe dokonale zapadly – zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee stejn\u00e9 poruchy se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed po \u017eensk\u00e9 linii – nev\u00fdznamn\u00e9 nebo rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 – v procesech methylace genomu, co\u017e vede k nadbytku oxytocinu, p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9ho, ale zat\u011b\u017euj\u00edc\u00edho hormonu.<\/p>\n

Podobn\u00e9 souvislosti s otci nebyly odhaleny.<\/p>\n

S v\u00fdsledky studie, kter\u00e9 jsou v podstat\u011b, m\u00edrn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno \u2013 docela skand\u00e1ln\u00ed, sezn\u00e1mila webov\u00e1 str\u00e1nka University v Ohio (3) a studie byla publikov\u00e1na v \u010dasopise PloSONE. (4)<\/p>\n

Odkazy<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

(1) Bostr\u00f6m, A.B.: a kol.: Hypermethylation-associated downregulation of microRNA-4456 in hypersexual disorder with putative influence on oxytocin signalling: A DNA methylation analysis of miRNA genes. 9.3.2019. Online: https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/15592294.2019.1656157<\/a><\/em>
\n(2) Taylor, Francis: Scientists identify hormone potentially linked to hypersexual disorder. Medicalxpress, 23.9.2019. Online: https:\/\/medicalxpress.com\/news\/2019-09-scientists-hormone-potentially-linked-hypersexual.html<\/a> <\/em>
\n(3) Grabmeier, J.: Why your number of romantic partners mirrors your mother. Ojio State University, 13.11.2018. Online: https:\/\/news.osu.edu\/why-your-number-of-romantic-partners-mirrors-your-mother\/<\/a> <\/em>
\n(4) Claire M. Kamp Dush, Rachel Arocho, Sara Mernitz, Kyle Bartholomew: The intergenerational transmission of partnering. PloSONE, 13.11.2018. Online: https:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0205732<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Co p\u0159esn\u011b d\u011bl\u00e1 mu\u017ee a \u017eeny neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b sexu\u00e1ln\u011b aktivn\u00ed? Toto tajemstv\u00ed bylo kone\u010dn\u011b odhaleno<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":404,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,12],"tags":[60,50,21,51],"class_list":["post-1232","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-veda","category-zdravi-2","tag-clovek","tag-mozek","tag-vedomi","tag-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1232","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1232"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1232\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1233,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1232\/revisions\/1233"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/404"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1232"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1232"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1232"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}