{"id":1250,"date":"2024-08-24T00:00:22","date_gmt":"2024-08-23T22:00:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/?p=1250"},"modified":"2024-07-30T21:41:55","modified_gmt":"2024-07-30T19:41:55","slug":"samovzniceni-lidi-je-objasneno","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/2024\/08\/24\/samovzniceni-lidi-je-objasneno\/","title":{"rendered":"Samovzn\u00edcen\u00ed lid\u00ed je objasn\u011bno?"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u011bdci z\u0159ejm\u011b vy\u0159e\u0161ili probl\u00e9m tajemn\u00e9ho ohn\u011b, kter\u00fd stravuje lidsk\u00e1 t\u011bla\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n

Experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed biolog Brian J. Ford tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee kone\u010dn\u011b na\u0161el p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu samovzn\u00edcen\u00ed lid\u00ed.
\nInformoval o tom se sv\u00fdmi kolegy ve specializovan\u00e9m \u010dasopise The Microscope, a pak \u2013 ve v\u011bdecko-popul\u00e1rn\u00edm \u010dasopise New Sientist.<\/p>\n

Poprv\u00e9 se sezn\u00e1mil s t\u00edmto fenom\u00e9nem, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m se lid\u00e9 mohou vzn\u00edtit sami od sebe a sho\u0159et za p\u00e1r minut, u\u017e p\u0159ed 30 lety. P\u0159e\u010detl si o tom \u010dl\u00e1nek o tom v ciz\u00edm \u010dasopise. Nav\u017edy se mu vryl do pam\u011bti hrozn\u00fd obraz \u2013 zbyl\u00e1 noha v \u010dern\u00e9 bot\u011b. To bylo v\u0161echno, co zbylo ze 79 let\u00e9 Ameri\u010danky Mary Reeser, kter\u00e1 sho\u0159ela 1.7.1951 v Petrohrad\u011b ve st\u00e1t\u011b Florida. Nohu a hrom\u00e1dku popela na\u0161el r\u00e1no syn, kter\u00fd p\u0159i\u0161el na n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu. Klika dve\u0159\u00ed od mat\u010dina pokoje, kter\u00fd se sna\u017eil otev\u0159\u00edt, byla je\u0161t\u011b hork\u00e1 …<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh Mary Reeser vyd\u011bsil t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 cel\u00fd sv\u011bt<\/p>\n

Zastaven\u00e9 hodiny ukazovaly \u010das, kdy se trag\u00e9die ud\u00e1la – 4 hodiny a 20 minut r\u00e1no. Mary pod\u0159imovala v k\u0159esle. To tak\u00e9 sho\u0159elo \u2013 a\u017e do pru\u017ein. Ale ni\u010deho jin\u00e9ho se ohe\u0148 nedotkl – dokonce ani novin, kter\u00e9 le\u017eely vedle. Na st\u011bn\u00e1ch a stropu nebyly nalezeny stopy saz\u00ed, z\u00e1pach kou\u0159e byl sotva c\u00edtit.
\n\u201eTo bylo to nejpodivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z toho, co jsem vid\u011bl,\u201c p\u0159iznal Dr. Wilton Krogman, soudn\u00ed znalec z l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 fakulty University v Pennsylvanii, kter\u00fd se pod\u00edlel na vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed.
\n\u201eNen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 pochopit, jak intenzivn\u00ed ho\u0159en\u00ed t\u011bla nezp\u016fsobil rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd po\u017e\u00e1r. Ohe\u0148 takov\u00e9 s\u00edly by musel m\u00edstnost zni\u010dit a v\u0161echen n\u00e1bytek v n\u011bm by m\u011bl sho\u0159et.
\nV\u011bdci \u0159ekli to hlavn\u00ed: \u017eenu nikdo neup\u00e1lil.<\/p>\n

Noha v \u010dern\u00e9 bot\u011b a hrst popela – v\u0161e, co zbylo z Mary Reeser<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Policie prohled\u00e1v\u00e1 m\u00edstnost, ve kter\u00e9 do\u0161lo k samovzn\u00edcen\u00ed<\/p>\n

Nyn\u00ed je p\u0159\u00edpad Mary Reeser klasick\u00fdm pro uk\u00e1zku hrozn\u00e9ho jevu, zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho jako spont\u00e1nn\u00ed lidsk\u00e9 samovzn\u00edcen\u00ed (Spontaneous Human Combustion – SHC).
\n\u017de tento fenom\u00e9n skute\u010dn\u011b existuje, v\u011bt\u0161ina v\u011bdc\u016f uzn\u00e1v\u00e1. U\u017e v roce 1870 na Universit\u011b v Aberdeen ve Skotsku byla o n\u011bm vyd\u00e1na bro\u017eura. Jej\u00ed auto\u0159i analyzovali postoj koleg\u016f k tajemn\u00e9ho fenom\u00e9nu – t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed se jej sna\u017eili pochopit.
\nPouze osm z 35 m\u011blo za to, \u017ee jde o podvod, a z dokumentovan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f usuzovali na z\u00e1m\u011brn\u00e9 \u017eh\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Zbytek nepochyboval, \u017ee lid\u00e9 jsou schopni sho\u0159et sami od sebe.
\nSoupis \u00famrt\u00ed SHC nen\u00ed velk\u00fd \u2013 asi 120 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b po celou dobu, kdy se jev za\u010dal dokumentovat. Co\u017e je velmi m\u00e1lo.
\nA to, mimochodem, dalo d\u016fvod se domn\u00edvat, \u017ee za tento jev je vinen dal\u0161\u00ed nem\u00e9n\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u00fd jev \u2013 kulov\u00fd blesk. I ten pop\u00e1l\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka, pokud n\u011bjak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem pronikne k t\u011blu. Ale \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd seri\u00f3zn\u00ed d\u016fkaz dosud nebyl pod\u00e1n.
\nJe zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee v Rusku je „slavn\u00fd“ pouze jeden p\u0159\u00edpad – past\u00fd\u0159 Bisen Mamajev sho\u0159el 11.11.1990 na poli na hranici Saratovsk\u00e9 a Volgogradsk\u00e9 oblasti. Jeho ostatky nalezl bratr. Ohe\u0148 sp\u00e1lil vnit\u0159n\u00ed org\u00e1ny past\u00fd\u0159e, k\u016f\u017ee byla m\u00edrn\u011b sp\u00e1len\u00e1 a oho\u0159elo spodn\u00ed pr\u00e1dlo. Ale vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed oble\u010den\u00ed z\u016fstalo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nedot\u010deno!
\nAlkoholici rehabilitov\u00e1ni
\nTak\u017ee co zapaluje lidi? Co v nich ho\u0159\u00ed?
\nPo dlouhou dobu docela v\u00e1\u017en\u011b v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee samovzn\u00edcen\u00edm trp\u00ed pouze alkoholici, \u017ee se v nich samovzn\u00edtil alkohol, kter\u00fdm je jejich t\u011blo p\u0159esyceno.
\nNicm\u00e9n\u011b, prvn\u00ed v\u011bdec, kter\u00fd testoval tuto hypot\u00e9zu experiment\u00e1ln\u011b ov\u011b\u0159il jej\u00ed neplatnost. N\u011bmec Justus von Leibig objasnil: i dob\u0159e konzervovan\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b v alkoholu neho\u0159\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edmo nasytil 70 procenty alkoholu mrtv\u00fdm krys\u00e1m \u2013 a ty tak\u00e9 neho\u0159ely.
\nDosud je popul\u00e1rn\u00ed a ne zcela vylou\u010den\u00e1 „knotov\u00e1 hypot\u00e9za“ neboli „\u017eiv\u00e9 sv\u00ed\u010dky.“ Poprv\u00e9 ji vyslovil v roce 1961 lond\u00fdnsk\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 Kevin Thurston v \u010dasopise Medico-Legal Journal (L\u00e9ka\u0159sko-pr\u00e1vn\u00ed v\u011bstn\u00edk). P\u0159edpokl\u00e1dal, \u017ee knotem je oble\u010den\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka. Ho\u0159\u00ed tuk v \u010dlov\u011bku do t\u00e9 doby, dokud nevyho\u0159\u00ed.
\n„Knotov\u00fd efekt\u201c byl dvakr\u00e1t testov\u00e1n v televizi BBC v r\u00e1mci popularizace v\u011bdy – v roce 1986 a 1998. Demonstrovalo se to na prasatech. Jate\u010dn\u011b upraven\u00e1 t\u011bla sp\u00e1lili. To v\u0161ak trvalo velmi dlouho – a\u017e 12 hodin.
\n„Oble\u010den\u00ed“ na nich se nezachovalo. A tak\u00e9 t\u011bla se nezm\u011bnila v pouhou hrom\u00e1dku popela, jako tomu v p\u0159\u00edpadech s SHC je.<\/p>\n

„Oble\u010den\u00e9“ prase ho\u0159elo dob\u0159e, ale dlouhou dobu. I ho\u0159et za\u010daly velmi obrt\u00ed\u017en\u011b.<\/p>\n

\u201eAni \u201eknotov\u00e1 hypot\u00e9za“ nen\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e1,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Brian Ford. \u201eNevysv\u011btluje v\u0161echny okolnosti tohoto jevu. Ani alkohol, kter\u00fd byl v podez\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159edt\u00edm, probl\u00e9m ne\u0159e\u0161\u00ed. V neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b proto, \u017ee nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k jeho akumulaci. Naopak, \u0161t\u011bp\u00ed se v t\u011ble v pr\u016fb\u011bhu metabolismu.
\nP\u0159esto, jak vysv\u011btluje Ford, se mohou objevit v t\u011ble velmi ho\u0159lav\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 se tak\u00e9 mohou nahromadit. T\u0159eba aceton.
\nV\u00fdroba acetonu v metabolismu za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1, kdy\u017e klesne hladina gluk\u00f3zy v krvi – hlavn\u00ed zdroj energie v lidsk\u00e9m t\u011ble. Nedostatek vede k tomu, \u017ee nastupuj\u00ed alternativn\u00ed mechanismy. Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 \u0161t\u011bpen\u00ed tukov\u00fdch bun\u011bk.
\n\u0158et\u011bzec biochemick\u00fdch reakc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed j\u00e1tra, vede nakonec k tomu, \u017ee do krve vstupuj\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fdch l\u00e1tek – tzv. ketony. Ty se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed zdrojem dod\u00e1vek a nositeli energie m\u00edsto gluk\u00f3zy. Aceton je jeden z typ\u016f keton\u016f.
\nJeho hromad\u011bn\u00ed zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 diety, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed i onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, jako je cukrovka.
\nPr\u00e1v\u011b tento p\u0159ebytek ho\u0159lav\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu v t\u011ble m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit samovzn\u00edcen\u00ed, p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 Ford. A tak to i ov\u011b\u0159il: „marinoval“ v acetonu kousky vep\u0159ov\u00e9ho masa. Z kus\u016f vep\u0159ov\u00e9ho ud\u011blal zmen\u0161en\u00e9 modely lidsk\u00fdch t\u011bl, obl\u00e9kl je a zap\u00e1lil.
\n\u201eT\u011bla\u201c sho\u0159ela velmi rychle, za m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e p\u016fl hodiny. Oble\u010den\u00ed m\u00edsty z\u016fstala zachov\u00e1na. Z\u016fstaly i kon\u010detiny, stejn\u011b jako na fotografi\u00edch ob\u011bt\u00ed samovzn\u00edcen\u00ed.
\n\u201eJe to pochopiteln\u00e9 – nohy a ruce z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed, proto\u017ee maj\u00ed velmi m\u00e1lo tuku, a aceton se v nich tedy neuchov\u00e1v\u00e1 v dostate\u010dn\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed,“ \u0159ekl experiment\u00e1tor.<\/p>\n

Profesor Ford se domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee SHC zp\u016fsobuje aceton nahromad\u011bn\u00fd z t\u011ble – velmi ho\u0159lav\u00e1 kapalina<\/p>\n

Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, ot\u00e1zkou z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1, kde se bere jiskra, kter\u00e1 tyto hroziv\u00e9 plameny zap\u00e1l\u00ed? To Ford tak\u00e9 nev\u00ed.
\nP\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 ale, \u017ee k samovzn\u00edcen\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt za pomoci t\u0159eba statick\u00e9 elekt\u0159iny.
\nProto v\u011bdec nedoporu\u010duje nosit syntetick\u00e9 oble\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00fd \u010dasto sr\u0161\u00ed jiskrami. To je zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 pro lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed trp\u00ed ket\u00f3zou.<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed zdokumentovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad SHC poch\u00e1z\u00ed z roku 1470. Italsk\u00fd ryt\u00ed\u0159 Polonius vypil spoustu v\u00edna, vstal, a p\u0159ed o\u010dima bl\u00edzk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch ho zachv\u00e1tily plameny, a sho\u0159el b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika minut.
\nVzhledem k t\u011bmto i dal\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u016fm se v\u011b\u0159ilo, \u017ee osobu str\u00e1vil \u010f\u00e1belsk\u00fd ohe\u0148, samotn\u00fd Satan.
\nV roce 1763 Francouz Jean Dupont publikoval knihu s kolekc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f lidsk\u00e9ho samovzn\u00edcen\u00ed pod n\u00e1zvem „De Incendiis Corporis Humani Spontaneis\u00bb.
\nV n\u00ed podal p\u0159\u00edpad Nicolase Milleta, z kter\u00e9ho soud s\u0148al obvin\u011bn\u00ed z vra\u017edy man\u017eelky, kdy\u017e se soud p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dil o tom, \u017ee zem\u0159ela v d\u016fsledku spont\u00e1nn\u00edho samovzn\u00edcen\u00ed. Z jeho man\u017eelky, siln\u00e9 alkoholi\u010dky, zbyla jen hromada popela, lebka a nohy. Slamn\u00edk, na kter\u00e9m le\u017eela, byl neporu\u0161en\u00fd.
\nV roce 1850 n\u011bmeck\u00fd chemik Justus von Leibig provedl prvn\u00ed v\u011bdeckou studii o spont\u00e1nn\u00edm lidsk\u00e9m samovzn\u00edcen\u00ed. Dok\u00e1zal, \u017ee \u017ee p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed hypot\u00e9za o alkoholic\u00edch nen\u00ed pravdiv\u00e1.
\nPosledn\u00ed dolo\u017een\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad SHC je z 22. prosince 2010 – v Irsku uho\u0159el osam\u011bl\u00fd star\u00fd mu\u017e \u2013 76 let\u00fd Michael Fogarty. Odborn\u00edci se \u0161et\u0159en\u00edm p\u0159\u00ed\u010din zab\u00fdvali cel\u00fd rok. Nakonec za p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu \u00famrt\u00ed d\u016fchodce ozna\u010dili samovzn\u00edcen\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u011bdci z\u0159ejm\u011b vy\u0159e\u0161ili probl\u00e9m tajemn\u00e9ho ohn\u011b, kter\u00fd stravuje lidsk\u00e1 t\u011bla\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":260,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,5],"tags":[23,57],"class_list":["post-1250","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nazory","category-souvislosti","tag-ohen","tag-shc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1250","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1250"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1250\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1251,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1250\/revisions\/1251"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/260"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1250"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1250"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1250"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}