{"id":178,"date":"2023-03-27T00:22:47","date_gmt":"2023-03-26T22:22:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/?p=178"},"modified":"2023-04-04T22:59:13","modified_gmt":"2023-04-04T20:59:13","slug":"objev-vedcu-neporadnici-meni-svet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/2023\/03\/27\/objev-vedcu-neporadnici-meni-svet\/","title":{"rendered":"Objev v\u011bdc\u016f: nepo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00edci m\u011bn\u00ed sv\u011bt"},"content":{"rendered":"

Psychologov\u00e9 p\u0159i\u0161li na to, o \u010dem hovo\u0159\u00ed nepo\u0159\u00e1dek ve va\u0161em pokoji<\/strong><\/p>\n

Na stole nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edho v\u011bdce na sv\u011bt\u011b – Alberta Einsteina – byl v\u017edycky nepo\u0159\u00e1dek. Kdy\u017e bylo velk\u00e9mu fyzikovi \u0159e\u010deno, \u017ee by bylo hezk\u00e9 st\u016fl uklidit, odpov\u011bd\u011bl: \u201eJestli nepo\u0159\u00e1dek na stole znamen\u00e1 nepo\u0159\u00e1dek v hlav\u011b, tak co znamen\u00e1 pr\u00e1zdn\u00fd st\u016fl?\u201c<\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkumy v\u011bdc\u016f uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee nepo\u0159\u00e1dek nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u017edy zn\u00e1mkou \u0161patn\u00e9 povahy.<\/p>\n

Skupina psycholog\u016f z University v Minnesot\u011b, veden\u00e1 Kathleen Vohs, zjistila: proto\u017ee chaos a \u0159\u00e1d jsou p\u0159irozen\u00e9 povahy, pak je mo\u017en\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro ur\u010dit\u00e9 aktivity. Tato teorie z\u00edskala nyn\u00ed experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed potvrzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Experiment \u010d\u00edslo 1: Zdrav\u00fd \u017eivotn\u00ed styl a dobr\u00e9 \u010diny<\/strong><\/p>\n

Popis experimentu:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Aby v\u011bdci pochopili, jak prost\u0159ed\u00ed ovliv\u0148uje mentalitu lid\u00ed, prov\u00e1d\u011bli testy ve dvou m\u00edstnostech: v jednom vl\u00e1dl ide\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d a v druh\u00e9m uspo\u0159\u00e1dali um\u011bl\u00fd nepo\u0159\u00e1dek. Do ka\u017ed\u00e9 um\u00edstili skupinu student\u016f. Chlapci a d\u00edvky nev\u011bd\u011bli o \u00fa\u010delu experimentu a podle ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed verze museli vyplnit dotazn\u00edky zcela nesouvisej\u00edc\u00ed s v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdm t\u00e9matem. Za tuto pr\u00e1ci m\u011bli n\u00e1rok na symbolickou odm\u011bnu ve v\u00fd\u0161i 3 eur. Po odchodu z pokoj\u016f si studenti mohli jako bonus vybrat jablko nebo \u010dokol\u00e1dovou ty\u010dinku. A za druh\u00e9, mohli v\u011bnovat n\u011bjak\u00e9 pen\u00edze na charitu: \u0161lo o sb\u00edrku na hra\u010dky a knihy pot\u0159ebn\u00fdm d\u011btem.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledek:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Uk\u00e1zalo se, \u017ee studenti, kte\u0159\u00ed pracovali v dokonale uklizen\u00e9m pokoji, v\u011bnovali dvakr\u00e1t v\u00edce pen\u011bz ne\u017e jejich vrstevn\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed obsadili \u201esvin\u010d\u00edk\u201c (3,19 EUR proti 1,29 – to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee studenti z uklizen\u00e9ho pokoje dokonce v\u011bnovali pen\u00edze i z vlastn\u00edch kapes!).<\/p>\n

Krom\u011b toho prost\u0159ed\u00ed zanechalo vliv na chov\u00e1n\u00ed student\u016f. 67 procent mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed z uklizen\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti si rad\u011bji vzali jablko, ne\u017e \u201e\u0161kodlivou\u201c \u010dokol\u00e1dovou ty\u010dinku. Ti, kte\u0159\u00ed pracovali v nepo\u0159\u00e1dku, si vzali jablko jen ve 20 procentech p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f.<\/p>\n

Co z toho vypl\u00fdv\u00e1?<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u201eDobr\u00e9 kulturn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed v\u00edce formuje p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed ve spole\u010dnosti,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 hlavn\u00ed autorka studie Kathleen Vohs. Nepo\u0159\u00e1dek zase vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed chaos obecn\u011b. Je to v pln\u00e9m souladu s teori\u00ed rozbit\u00fdch oken. To znamen\u00ed, \u017ee mal\u00e9 poru\u0161en\u00ed norem je katalyz\u00e1torem antisoci\u00e1ln\u00edho chov\u00e1n\u00ed obecn\u011b. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, pokud je v dom\u011b jedno okno rozbit\u00e9, a nikdo se neobt\u011b\u017euje s opravami, pak brzy nebude v budov\u011b jedin\u00e9 okno cel\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Kathleen Vohs<\/em><\/p>\n

Experiment \u010d\u00edslo 2: chaos – z\u00e1klad kreativity<\/strong><\/p>\n

Popis experimentu:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Psychologov\u00e9 rozd\u011blili 48 student\u016f do dvou skupin. Studenti dostali tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed \u00fakol: musely p\u0159ij\u00edt s nov\u00fdm u\u017eit\u00edm pro tenisov\u00e9 m\u00ed\u010dky. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 my\u0161lenka byla vyhodnocena na 3-bodov\u00e9 stupnici, kde 1 byla p\u0159i\u0159azena ban\u00e1ln\u00edmu n\u00e1vrhu a 3 nejv\u00edce kreativn\u00edmu. Op\u011bt byla jedna skupina um\u00edst\u011bna v m\u00edstnosti s nepo\u0159\u00e1dkem a druh\u00e1 v uklizen\u00e9m pokoji.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledek? <\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

A co se t\u00fd\u010de kvantity a kvality n\u00e1pad\u016f, studenti z\u00edskali bezpodm\u00edne\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed v nepo\u0159\u00e1dku.<\/p>\n

Jak v\u011bdci o\u010dek\u00e1vali, kreativn\u00ed n\u00e1pady se \u0161patn\u011b vyv\u00edj\u00ed ve steriln\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Takov\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed vyhovuje mentalit\u011b, kter\u00e1 je zalo\u017eena na zvyc\u00edch a pravidlech. Jen chaos podn\u011bcuje tvo\u0159ivost, proto\u017ee inspiruje prolomen\u00ed tradic, konvenc\u00ed a p\u0159ekon\u00e1n\u00ed obvykl\u00e9ho zp\u016fsobu my\u0161len\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Experiment \u010d\u00edslo 3: \u010cek\u00e1me na zm\u011bnu!<\/strong><\/p>\n

Popis experimentu:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Ve t\u0159et\u00edm experimentu se do uklizen\u00fdch a nepo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdch m\u00edstnost\u00ed um\u00edstilo celkem 188 lid\u00ed. Bylo jim \u0159e\u010deno, \u017ee sousedn\u00ed restauraci je t\u0159eba pomoci s prosazen\u00edm nov\u00e9ho n\u00e1poje – ovocn\u00e9ho koktejlu. Jeho v\u00fdhodou je, \u017ee je chutn\u00fd, zdrav\u00fd, a vitam\u00ednov\u00fd. Bylo nutn\u00e9 se rozhodnout, jak n\u00e1poj prezentovat n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016fm: jako \u201eklasick\u00fd\u201c nebo jako \u201enovinka\u201c?<\/p>\n

V\u011bdci cht\u011bli zjistit, zda existuje souvislost mezi \u017eivotn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00edm a snaze o zm\u011bnu nebo tendenci ke konzervatismu.<\/p>\n

Uk\u00e1zalo se, \u017ee pobyt v nepo\u0159\u00e1dku vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed touhu po revolu\u010dn\u00ed zm\u011bn\u011b. Ti, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161leli nad vhodn\u00fdm sloganem v nepo\u0159\u00e1dku, m\u011bli sklon k \u201eNovince\u201c a ti, kte\u0159\u00ed byli obklopeni \u010distotou a po\u0159\u00e1dkem, sm\u011b\u0159ovali ke \u201eKlasice\u201c.<\/p>\n

Psychologov\u00e9 dosp\u011bli k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee nepo\u0159\u00e1dek stimuluje touhu za\u017e\u00edt n\u011bco nov\u00e9ho. Kas\u00e1rensk\u00fd \u201e\u0159\u00e1d\u201c podporuje konzervatismus.<\/p>\n

Co z toho vypl\u00fdv\u00e1?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Samotn\u00fd nepo\u0159\u00e1dek nebo p\u0159\u00edkladn\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d v m\u00edstnosti nen\u00ed zlo ani ctnost. Oba jsou p\u0159irozen\u00e9 stavy pro \u010dlov\u011bka a mohou b\u00fdt prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9. A pokud va\u0161e potomstvo m\u00e1 doma v pokoji nepo\u0159\u00e1dek, kter\u00fd v\u00e1s dov\u00e1d\u00ed k \u0161\u00edlenstv\u00ed a nem\u016f\u017eete s t\u00edm nic d\u011blat \u2013 pak se p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nevzru\u0161ujte! \u0158ekn\u011bte v\u0161em, \u017ee t\u00edm jen podporujete d\u011btskou tvo\u0159ivost…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Psychologov\u00e9 p\u0159i\u0161li na to, o \u010dem hovo\u0159\u00ed nepo\u0159\u00e1dek ve va\u0161em pokoji<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":199,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,8],"tags":[39],"class_list":["post-178","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-souvislosti","category-veda","tag-psychologie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/178","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=178"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/178\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":214,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/178\/revisions\/214"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/199"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=178"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=178"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=178"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}