{"id":345,"date":"2023-05-10T00:42:38","date_gmt":"2023-05-09T22:42:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/?p=345"},"modified":"2023-06-16T22:16:57","modified_gmt":"2023-06-16T20:16:57","slug":"sest-temat-o-kterych-premysli-kosmonaute","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/2023\/05\/10\/sest-temat-o-kterych-premysli-kosmonaute\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0160est t\u00e9mat, o kter\u00fdch p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00ed kosmonaut\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Kosmonauty \u010dasto ch\u00e1peme jako n\u011bjak\u00e9 hrdiny, pln\u00edc\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9, celosv\u011btov\u00e9 posl\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Proto si mysl\u00edme, \u017ee i oni p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00ed o n\u011b\u010dem vzne\u0161en\u00e9m, d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9m. No, alespo\u0148 \u2013 o pr\u00e1ci&#8230; Ale\u2026 i oni jsou oby\u010dejn\u00ed lid\u00e9 se v\u0161emi lidsk\u00fdmi slabostmi. To dokl\u00e1daj\u00ed z\u00e1pisy v den\u00edc\u00edch americk\u00fdch astronaut\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159ed deseti lety se <em>Jack W. Stuster<\/em> (1) ze spole\u010dnosti <em>Anacapa Sciences<\/em> (USA) (2), za\u010dal obracet na astronauty NASA se \u017e\u00e1dostmi o veden\u00ed den\u00edku b\u011bhem pobytu na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze. Tento v\u011bdec studuje psychologick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky izolace. D\u0159\u00edve prov\u00e1d\u011bl v\u00fdzkum mezi lidmi, kte\u0159\u00ed str\u00e1vili dlouhou dobu v tropech nebo v Antarktid\u011b. Proto mu povolili sb\u00edrat \u00fadaje i mezi astronauty, co\u017e pom\u016f\u017ee dal\u0161\u00edmu v\u00fdzkumu.<\/p>\n<p>Ty, kte\u0159\u00ed souhlasili s \u00fa\u010dast\u00ed v tomto experimentu, Stuster po\u017e\u00e1dal, aby z\u00e1pisy do den\u00edku prov\u00e1d\u011bli t\u0159ikr\u00e1t t\u00fddn\u011b. Bylo stanoveno, \u017ee den\u00edky budou anonymn\u00ed, ale v\u011bdec m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo z nich zve\u0159ejnit uk\u00e1zky.<\/p>\n<p>Anal\u00fdza z\u00e1pis\u016f, po\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch astronauty na palub\u011b Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed kosmick\u00e9 stanice v letech 2003-2010, umo\u017enilo v\u011bdci vymezit \u0161est hlavn\u00edch t\u00e9mat, kter\u00e1 se v den\u00edc\u00edch opakuj\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bji.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Dohled ze Zem\u011b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tak jako b\u011b\u017en\u00ed zam\u011bstnanci, jsou i astronauti nuceni poslouchat pozemsk\u00e9 veden\u00ed. A \u00fapln\u011b stejn\u011b je \u0161tvou rozmary &#8222;boss\u016f&#8220;.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>&#8222;Zem\u011b m\u011b probudila v noci a \u0159ekli mi, abych zav\u0159el okna laborato\u0159e na z\u00e1padku,\u201c &#8211;<\/em> p\u00ed\u0161e jeden astronaut.<em> &#8222;Nech\u00e1pu, pro\u010d nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 po\u010dkat, a\u017e se probud\u00edm!&#8220;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>&#8222;Ned\u011bli se pova\u017euje za den odpo\u010dinku, ale Houston ud\u011blal v\u0161e, aby to vypadalo jako pond\u011bl\u00ed,&#8220; <\/em>&#8211; rozzloben\u011b p\u00ed\u0161e dal\u0161\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tak\u017ee i tam jsou &#8222;p\u0159es\u010dasy&#8220;&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Potraviny<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kosmos je kosmos, ale z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pot\u0159eby jsou st\u00e1le stejn\u00e9. Astronauti se u\u017e d\u00e1vno ne\u017eiv\u00ed z tub zubn\u00ed pasty, ale m\u016f\u017ee si vybrat, co jim chutn\u00e1. A pokud nem\u016f\u017ee dostat sv\u00e9 obl\u00edben\u00e9 pokrmy je pro n\u011b velmi frustruj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>&#8222;Nikdo mi ne\u0159ekl, \u017ee na palub\u011b bude napra\u017eenka s tortillou, i kdy\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u00ed, \u017ee jsou vhodn\u00e9 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 k \u010demukoli,&#8220; &#8211; <\/em>st\u011b\u017euje si anonymn\u00ed autor.<\/li>\n<li><em>&#8222;To je z\u00e1bavn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh,\u201c <\/em>p\u00ed\u0161e dal\u0161\u00ed respondent.<em> \u2013 \u201eV prvn\u00edm m\u011bs\u00edci na\u0161eho pobytu na stanici jsem si v\u0161iml, \u017ee zam\u011bnili \u0161t\u00edtky na dvou bal\u00edc\u00edch potravin. Na krabici &#8222;Pl\u00e1tky hov\u011bz\u00ed maso s houbami&#8220; \u2013 byly ve skute\u010dnosti ku\u0159ec\u00ed pl\u00e1tky, a naopak. Hl\u00e1sil jsem to na Zem pracovn\u00edkovi, odpov\u011bdn\u00e9m za potraviny a pod\u011bkoval mi. Dnes jsem cht\u011bl ku\u0159ec\u00ed. Rozhodl jsem se d\u00e1t na to, \u017ee chyba nebyla opravena a nov\u00e1 z\u00e1silka produkt\u016f m\u00e1 star\u00e9, nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed. Tak jsem si vybral &#8222;pl\u00e1tky hov\u011bz\u00edho masa s houbami.&#8220; A byl jsem odm\u011bn\u011bn za to, \u017ee jsem nev\u011b\u0159il NASA! V balen\u00ed s ozna\u010den\u00edm &#8222;hov\u011bz\u00ed maso&#8220; bylo zase ku\u0159e.&#8220;<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>3. Ka\u017edodenn\u00ed probl\u00e9my<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nikdo nen\u00ed imunn\u00ed v\u016f\u010di dom\u00e1c\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm. Na ISS je to stejn\u00e9. D\u016fkazem toho jsou &#8222;zpr\u00e1vy&#8220; astronaut\u016f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>&#8222;Hrozn\u00fd den. V\u0161echno za\u010dalo s t\u00edm, \u017ee se rozbil sb\u011bra\u010d mo\u010di. Do z\u00e1sobn\u00edku spadlo asi jen 75 procent, a zbytek se obr\u00e1til na m\u011b. To nen\u00ed dobr\u00fd start dne.&#8220;<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sm\u011b\u0161n\u00e9? Mo\u017en\u00e1, ale hrdinovi tohoto p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu nebylo do sm\u00edchu. Koneckonc\u016f, nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u011bc v kosmu se n\u011bkdy prom\u011bn\u00ed na velk\u00fd probl\u00e9m&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. Osam\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Zd\u00e1lo by se, \u017ee izolace astronauty t\u00ed\u017e\u00ed. Ale, kupodivu, \u0159ada z nich je r\u00e1da v situaci, \u017ee m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt o samot\u011b.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>&#8222;V\u00edte, n\u00e1hle jsem za\u010dal m\u00edt r\u00e1d samotu,\u201c <\/em>p\u00ed\u0161e astronaut.<\/li>\n<li><em>\u201eM\u016f\u017eete ovl\u00e1dat v\u0161e, co se d\u011bje kolem v\u00e1s &#8230; Jsme velmi \u0161\u0165astn\u00ed, \u017ee m\u00e1me obrovskou stanici jen pro n\u00e1s t\u0159i, to je luxus!&#8220;<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>5. Jin\u00fd pohled na sci-fi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pot\u00e9, co astronauti pobyli ve vesm\u00edru, za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed se d\u00edvat na obsah sci-fi knih a film\u016f jinak, ne\u017e kdy\u017e byli na Zemi.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>&#8222;D\u00edval jsem se na Zemi z pohledu mimozem\u0161\u0165an\u016f. Kde bychom p\u0159ist\u00e1li, jak prov\u00e9st kontakt? Nejbezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem je, se dostat na palubu ISS a mluvit nejprve s n\u00e1mi.&#8220;<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Fantastika ji\u017e nen\u00ed fantazie. Je to realita&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><strong>6. Stesk po Zemi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>D\u0159\u00edve nebo pozd\u011bji postihne ka\u017ed\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>&#8222;Odl\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00ed raketopl\u00e1n vstoupil do zorn\u00e9ho pole pod stanici,\u201c <\/em>popisuje sv\u00e9 dojmy respondent.<\/li>\n<li><em>\u201eV tu chv\u00edli jsem m\u011bl slzy v o\u010d\u00edch, a j\u00e1 jsem mohl myslet jen na jednu v\u011bc: Kdy se vr\u00e1t\u00edm dom\u016f.&#8220;<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Pro\u010d?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pro\u010d pr\u00e1v\u011b tyto v\u011bci astronauty zaj\u00edmaj\u00ed nejv\u00edc? Nen\u00ed to nic p\u0159ekvapiv\u00e9ho! Probl\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1s ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed na Zemi, mohou ve vesm\u00edru dostat velmi odli\u0161n\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159\u00edtka. A n\u011bkter\u00e9 z probl\u00e9m\u016f, s nimi\u017e se tito lid\u00e9 setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed ve vesm\u00edru, na Zemi sv\u011bt\u011b nejsou. Proto jsou pro obyvatele ISS stresuj\u00edc\u00edm faktorem.<\/p>\n<p>&#8222;Vych\u00e1z\u00edme z p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm v\u00edce \u010dlov\u011bk o n\u011b\u010dem p\u00ed\u0161e, t\u00edm v\u00edce ho to zaj\u00edm\u00e1,\u201c \u0159ekl Stuster na semin\u00e1\u0159i v Houstonu. \u201eNechceme, aby astronauti do\u0161li k infarktu, proto mus\u00edme v\u011bd\u011bt, kde je hranice lidsk\u00e9 trp\u011blivosti.&#8220;<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Odkazy<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>(1) http:\/\/www.anacapasciences.com\/staff\/jstuster\/index.html <\/em><br \/>\n<em>(2) <a href=\"http:\/\/www.anacapasciences.com\/company\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.anacapasciences.com\/company\/index.html<\/a> <\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kosmonauty \u010dasto ch\u00e1peme jako n\u011bjak\u00e9 hrdiny, pln\u00edc\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9, celosv\u011btov\u00e9 posl\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":347,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[39],"class_list":["post-345","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-souvislosti","tag-psychologie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/345","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=345"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/345\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":348,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/345\/revisions\/348"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/347"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=345"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=345"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=345"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}