{"id":359,"date":"2023-05-14T00:17:59","date_gmt":"2023-05-13T22:17:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/?p=359"},"modified":"2023-05-14T04:22:15","modified_gmt":"2023-05-14T02:22:15","slug":"jak-vznikl-clovek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/2023\/05\/14\/jak-vznikl-clovek\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak vznikl \u010dlov\u011bk?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Byl \u010dlov\u011bk stvo\u0159en za pomoci genetick\u00e9ho in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed?<\/strong><!--more--><br \/>\nV\u011bdci p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed experimenty na zm\u011bnu homo sapiens ze \u0161impanze.<\/p>\n<p>V seri\u00f3zn\u00edm v\u011bdeck\u00e9m \u010dasopise <em>Nature Reviews Genetics<\/em> v\u011bdci vznesli velmi znepokojivou ot\u00e1zku: je mo\u017en\u00e9 geneticky modifikovat opici, pokud by do n\u00ed byly vlo\u017eeny lidsk\u00e9 geny? (1)<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eTechnicky to je dnes u\u017e mo\u017en\u00e9,\u201c<\/em> odpov\u011bd\u011bla jedna z autor\u016f materi\u00e1lu, profesorka Centra pro bioetiku a humanitn\u00ed v\u011bdy p\u0159i Universit\u011b v Coloradu (USA), Jacqueline Glover. (2)<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eDnes u\u017e jsou dek\u00f3dov\u00e1ny genomy \u010dlov\u011bka, \u0161impanze a opic makak rhesus.\u00a0Pracuje se na dek\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed gorily, orangutana, pavi\u00e1na, ko\u010dkodana a lemura. Ji\u017e brzy tak\u00e9 budeme v\u011bd\u011bt, z \u010deho se skl\u00e1dal neandrt\u00e1lec. Takov\u00e1 datab\u00e1ze umo\u017en\u00ed sledovat evolu\u010dn\u00ed zm\u011bny v \u0159ad\u011b lidoop\u016f a vyd\u011blit specificky lidsk\u00e9 geny.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n<p>A zde, podle v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f, m\u016f\u017ee za\u010d\u00edt to nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud tyto jedine\u010dn\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 <em>&#8222;stavebn\u00ed kameny \u017eivota\u201c<\/em> se spoj\u00ed s geny na\u0161ich chlupat\u00fdch p\u0159edk\u016f, m\u016f\u017eeme z\u00edskat genetick\u00fd <em>&#8222;hybrid opice-\u010dlov\u011bk.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, nikoli pro z\u00e1bavu.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eBudeme m\u00edt mo\u017enost prakticky zjistit, jakou roli p\u0159i formov\u00e1n\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed hr\u00e1l ten \u010di onen gen,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje profesorka <em>Glover.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eM\u016f\u017eeme proto vyp\u011bstovat \u010dlov\u011bku podobn\u00e9ho lidoopa, do kter\u00e9ho zavedeme genom lidsk\u00fdch gen\u016f. Pak se m\u016f\u017eeme zab\u00fdvat t\u00edm, jak\u00e9 zm\u011bny nastanou v jeho t\u011ble.&#8220;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Tak bude mo\u017en\u00e9 pochopit roli v\u0161ech jedine\u010dn\u00fdch lidsk\u00fdch gen\u016f, a kone\u010dn\u011b se dozv\u011bd\u011bt, co d\u011bl\u00e1 \u010dlov\u011bka \u010dlov\u011bkem.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Odkazy<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>(1) Coors, M.E., Glover, J.J., Juengst, E.R., Sikela, J.M.: The ethics of using transgenic non-human primates to study what makes us human. Nature Reviews Genetics 2010:11:658-662. <\/em><br \/>\n<em>(2) <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ucdenver.edu\/academics\/colleges\/bioethics\/faculty\/Pages\/JackieGloverPhD.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.ucdenver.edu\/academics\/colleges\/bioethics\/faculty\/Pages\/JackieGloverPhD.aspx<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Byl \u010dlov\u011bk stvo\u0159en za pomoci genetick\u00e9ho in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":340,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[60,44],"class_list":["post-359","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-veda","tag-clovek","tag-vyvoj"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/359","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=359"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/359\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":360,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/359\/revisions\/360"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/340"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=359"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=359"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=359"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}