{"id":420,"date":"2023-06-02T00:11:06","date_gmt":"2023-06-01T22:11:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/?p=420"},"modified":"2023-06-01T00:22:32","modified_gmt":"2023-05-31T22:22:32","slug":"existuje-posmrtny-zivot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/2023\/06\/02\/existuje-posmrtny-zivot\/","title":{"rendered":"Existuje posmrtn\u00fd \u017eivot?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>V\u011bdci z\u00edskali prvn\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 poznatky<\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky velk\u00e9 studie tzv. <em>NDE<\/em> (z\u00e1\u017eitky bl\u00edzk\u00e9 smrti &#8211; <em>Near-death experiences &#8211; NDE<\/em>). V\u00fdzkum dosud nep\u0159inesl rozumn\u00e9, a co je nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Existuje krom\u011b na\u0161eho viditeln\u00e9ho hmotn\u00e9ho sv\u011bta, je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bjak\u00fd jin\u00fd? Ten, ve kter\u00e9m s\u00eddl\u00ed du\u0161e?<\/p>\n<p>Zdrav\u00fd rozum napov\u00edd\u00e1, \u017ee neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 \u0161ance odpov\u011bd\u011bt na tuto ot\u00e1zku. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b v\u011bdci, maj\u00ed p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b jin\u00fd n\u00e1zor.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 to ov\u0161em prozkoumat z\u00e1\u017eitky t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159e\u017eili klinickou smrt a pamatuj\u00ed si, co za\u017eili.<br \/>\nV roce 2000 l\u00e9ka\u0159i &#8211; holandsk\u00fd kardiolog <em>Pim van Lommel<\/em> (1) a jeho britsk\u00fd kolega<em> Christopher French<\/em> (2) z lond\u00fdnsk\u00e9ho <em>Centra pro studium anom\u00e1ln\u00edch du\u0161evn\u00edch jev\u016f<\/em> <em>(Anomalistic Psychology Research Unit (APRU)<\/em> (3) \u2013 zah\u00e1jili prvn\u00ed velkou a z\u00e1va\u017enou studii NDE s \u00fa\u010dast\u00ed 344 spolupracovn\u00edk\u016f v 10 nemocnic\u00edch.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdsledky \u0161okovaly ve\u0159ejnost. Zejm\u00e9na ateisty. L\u00e9ka\u0159i p\u0159iznali, \u017ee se jim nepoda\u0159ilo naj\u00edt p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e9 d\u016fkazy, \u017ee z\u00e1hrobn\u00ed sv\u011bt nen\u00ed. A \u017ee podle nich do\u010dasn\u011b mrtv\u00ed pacienti opravdu <em>&#8222;p\u0159i\u0161li k jeho bran\u00e1m.&#8220;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>V roce 2008 se v jejich stop\u00e1ch vydal ne\u00fanavn\u00fd <em>Dr. Sam Parnia<\/em> (4), kter\u00fd nejprve pracoval na univerzit\u011b v <em>Southamptonu<\/em> (<em>University of Southampton<\/em>), a nyn\u00ed pracuje na univerzit\u011b v New Yorku (<em>State University of New York<\/em>). Vytvo\u0159il t\u00fdm asi 40 koleg\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se rozhodli prozkoumat jeden z nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch jev\u016f, kter\u00e9 doprov\u00e1zej\u00ed <em>NDE,<\/em> mimot\u011bln\u00ed z\u00e1\u017eitek (<em>OOBE \u2013 out of body experience<\/em>). Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b \u010dtvrtina lid\u00ed se z\u00e1\u017eitky <em>NDE<\/em> tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee v dob\u011b, kdy byli v bezv\u011bdom\u00ed, jakoby opustili t\u011blo a d\u00edvali se na n\u011bj z v\u00fd\u0161ky.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Prodl\u00e9vali na onom sv\u011bt\u011b?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159edpokl\u00e1dalo se, \u017ee studie bude prob\u00edhat v 25 nemocnic\u00edch v Anglii, ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech a Kanad\u011b. V\u011bdci prozkoumali z\u00e1\u017eitky 1500 pacient\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159e\u017eili klinickou smrt, a n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z nich vy\u0161li z t\u011bla. V\u011bdci nainstalovali na police pod stropem speci\u00e1ln\u00ed testovac\u00ed obr\u00e1zky, kter\u00e9 nebyli vid\u011bt z postele. Resuscitovan\u00fdch se pak ptali, co vid\u011bli, kdy\u017e se pohybovali nad t\u011blem a vid\u011bli se z v\u00fd\u0161ky.<br \/>\nPodle pl\u00e1nu m\u011bla studie skon\u010dit v roce 2011, ale do\u0161lo ke zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed. <em>Sam Parnia<\/em> a jeho kolegov\u00e9 shrnuli p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky v \u010dasopise <em>Resuscitation.<\/em> (5) Bylo prozkoum\u00e1no 2060 pacient\u016f v 15 nemocnic\u00edch ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii, USA a Rakousku.<\/p>\n<p>U v\u0161ech pacient\u016f do\u0161lo k srde\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1stava a nastala klinick\u00e1 smrt. P\u0159e\u017eilo 330 lid\u00ed. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed NDE hl\u00e1silo 140 lid\u00ed &#8211; o n\u011bco m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e polovina. A 26 pacient\u016f uvedlo, \u017ee vy\u0161li z t\u011bla. <em>Parnia<\/em> neuv\u00e1d\u00ed, zda n\u011bkdo vid\u011bl ony obr\u00e1zky um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 pod stropem. 13 procent pacient\u016f popsalo zku\u0161enosti odd\u011blen\u00ed od t\u011bla.<\/p>\n<p>V\u011bdci zaznamenali sv\u011bdectv\u00ed 57 let\u00e9ho soci\u00e1ln\u00edho pracovn\u00edka z Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nie, kter\u00fd byl klinicky mrtv\u00fd po dobu t\u0159\u00ed minut. On p\u0159esn\u011b popsal, co se stalo v t\u00e9to dob\u011b kolem, v\u010detn\u011b \u010dinnost\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch se resuscitac\u00ed, a zvuky techniky, kter\u00e9 d\u011blalo periodick\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>\u201eMozek norm\u00e1ln\u011b vypne po 20 a\u017e 30 sekund\u00e1ch po srde\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1stav\u011b a kdy\u017e je zbaven kysl\u00edku, nem\u016f\u017ee si na nic vzpomenout,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 <em>Sam Parnia. \u201eA pokud se to opravdu stane, pak v\u011bdom\u00ed nebo du\u0161e m\u016f\u017ee existovat mimo mozek.\u201c<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, v\u011bdci jsou obez\u0159etn\u00ed. Ve zpr\u00e1v\u011b zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee mohou mluvit jen o tom, \u017ee v\u011bdom\u00ed je zachov\u00e1no jen po dobu nejm\u00e9n\u011b t\u0159\u00ed minut po smrti. A to u\u017e je v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd n\u00e1znak existence posmrtn\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Ale nen\u00ed to kone\u010dn\u00fd a p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00fd z\u00e1v\u011br.<\/p>\n<p>Je tedy mo\u017en\u00fd del\u0161\u00ed <em>&#8222;\u017eivot po smrti&#8220;<\/em>? Odpov\u011b\u010f na tuto ot\u00e1zku nen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-424 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/cp_Existuje-posmrtny-zivot1-parnia-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/cp_Existuje-posmrtny-zivot1-parnia-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/cp_Existuje-posmrtny-zivot1-parnia-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/cp_Existuje-posmrtny-zivot1-parnia.jpg 635w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Obr. Sam Parnia<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Co stoj\u00ed za OOBE?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Fenom\u00e9n OOBE je st\u00e1le nevysv\u011btlen. V\u0161echny dal\u0161\u00ed jevy, kter\u00e9 doprov\u00e1zej\u00ed &#8222;cestu&#8220; ke sv\u011btlu a zp\u011bt, jsou vysv\u011btleny ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010di men\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e. Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee maj\u00ed fyziologickou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu, t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se funkc\u00ed mozku v okam\u017eiku jeho zapnut\u00ed a vypnut\u00ed. (7)<\/p>\n<p><em>Dr. Olaf Blanke<\/em> (6) z <em>Fakultn\u00ed nemocnice v \u017denev\u011b<\/em>, v \u010dl\u00e1nku, kter\u00fd vy\u0161el v presti\u017en\u00edm v\u011bdeck\u00e9m \u010dasopise <em>Nature,<\/em> popsal experiment s 43 letou pacientkou, trp\u00edc\u00edm <em>epilepsi\u00ed.<\/em> Proto\u017ee cht\u011bl prozkoumat jej\u00ed nemoc, v\u011bdec implantoval do jej\u00edho mozku elektrody, kter\u00fdmi cht\u011bl stimulovat spr\u00e1vnou funkci sp\u00e1nkov\u00e9ho laloku. A n\u00e1hodou vybudil <em>angular gyrus<\/em> &#8211; strukturu, kter\u00e1 je spojena s org\u00e1ny zraku, dotyku a vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed. V\u00fdsledkem bylo, \u017ee \u017eiv\u00e1 pacientka vy\u0161la z t\u011bla \u2013 vid\u011bla se mimo sebe.<\/p>\n<p><em>Blanke<\/em> navrhl, \u017ee mo\u017en\u00e1 v um\u00edraj\u00edc\u00edm t\u011ble mozek, kter\u00fd si st\u00e1le zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 nervov\u00e9 spojen\u00ed s t\u011blem, n\u011bjak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem vybuzuje tento <em>angular gyrus.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ten se svou \u00fa\u010dast\u00ed na zrakov\u00e9 k\u016f\u0159e odes\u00edl\u00e1 informace o poloze t\u011bla v prostoru. Jen\u017ee ten u\u017e jinak vn\u00edm\u00e1, m\u00eds\u00ed je s obrazy, z\u00edskan\u00fdmi v\u011bdom\u00edm p\u0159ed jeho vypnut\u00edm, a prom\u00edt\u00e1 to v\u0161e na s\u00edtnici. Osoba zbaven\u00e1 v\u0161ech b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch smyslov\u00fdch sign\u00e1l\u016f a obvykl\u00fdch pocit\u016f pro\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 n\u011bco, co mu d\u00e1v\u00e1 pocit, \u017ee se vn\u00edm\u00e1 mimo t\u011blo.<\/p>\n<p>Jin\u00fd experiment s um\u011ble navozenou OOBE je pops\u00e1n zde (8).<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Odkazy<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>(1) <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pimvanlommel.nl\/home_eng\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.pimvanlommel.nl\/home_eng<\/a> <\/em><br \/>\n<em>(2) <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chris_French\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chris_French<\/a> <\/em><br \/>\n<em>(3) <a href=\"http:\/\/www.gold.ac.uk\/apru\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.gold.ac.uk\/apru\/<\/a> <\/em><br \/>\n<em>(4) <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sam_Parnia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sam_Parnia<\/a> <\/em><br \/>\n<em>(5) <a href=\"http:\/\/www.resuscitationjournal.com\/article\/S0300-9572(14)00739-4\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.resuscitationjournal.com\/article\/S0300-9572(14)00739-4\/pdf<\/a><\/em><br \/>\n<em>(6) <a href=\"http:\/\/lnco.epfl.ch\/olaf.blanke\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/lnco.epfl.ch\/olaf.blanke<\/a><\/em><br \/>\n<em>(7) Co se d\u011bje v um\u00edraj\u00edc\u00edm mozku? <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/2023\/05\/24\/co-se-deje-v-umirajicim-mozku\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cesty psychotroniky<\/a>\u00a0<\/em><br \/>\n<em>(8) Um\u011ble navozen\u00e1 OOBE. Cesty psychotroniky<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u011bdci z\u00edskali prvn\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 poznatky<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":373,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,8],"tags":[65,67,19],"class_list":["post-420","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-souvislosti","category-veda","tag-nde","tag-oobe","tag-smrt"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/420","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=420"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/420\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":426,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/420\/revisions\/426"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/373"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=420"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=420"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=420"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}