{"id":495,"date":"2023-06-12T00:33:30","date_gmt":"2023-06-11T22:33:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/?p=495"},"modified":"2023-06-19T02:40:29","modified_gmt":"2023-06-19T00:40:29","slug":"kazdy-pravak-se-muze-stat-levakem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/2023\/06\/12\/kazdy-pravak-se-muze-stat-levakem\/","title":{"rendered":"Ka\u017ed\u00fd prav\u00e1k se m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t lev\u00e1kem"},"content":{"rendered":"

… na hodinu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mnoz\u00ed z t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed se narodili jako lev\u00e1ci (tj. osoby, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed levou ruku \u010dast\u011bji ne\u017e pravou), pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b v d\u011btstv\u00ed za\u017eili nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti kv\u016fli t\u00e9to sv\u00e9 schopnosti. D\u0159\u00edve narozen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e1 za\u017eili i n\u00e1siln\u00e9 \u201ep\u0159eu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c v mate\u0159sk\u00fdch \u0161kolk\u00e1ch a \u0161kol\u00e1ch na prav\u00e1ky.<\/p>\n

A metody to byly, up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, velmi traumatizuj\u00edc\u00ed – nap\u0159\u00edklad, ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00e9mu lev\u00e1kovi byla uv\u00e1z\u00e1na „\u0161patn\u00e1“ ruka na op\u011bradlo \u017eidle tak, aby ji nemohl pou\u017e\u00edvat. Krom\u011b toho ti, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli pravou ruku slab\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e levou, byli i ve\u0159ejn\u011b zesm\u011b\u0161\u0148ov\u00e1ni ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch a p\u0159ed d\u011bv\u010daty. Nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee mnoz\u00ed lev\u00e1ci v t\u011bchto letech opravdu cht\u011bli, aby se stali „stejn\u00fdmi jako v\u0161ichni ostatn\u00ed“, tedy prav\u00e1ky.<\/p>\n

Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, dosa\u017een\u00ed tohoto c\u00edle se doposud nikomu nepoda\u0159ilo \u2013 i „p\u0159e\u0161kolen\u00fd“ lev\u00e1k v osobn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b d\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ednost lev\u00e9 ruce. Ale p\u0159e\u0161kolit prav\u00e1ka na lev\u00e1ka, jak se uk\u00e1zalo, lze docela snadno.<\/p>\n

Potvrdili to ameri\u010dt\u00ed v\u011bdci, d\u00edky \u0159ad\u011b neobvykl\u00fdch experiment\u016f.<\/p>\n

Ji\u017e dlouhou dobu je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee b\u011bhem tzv. „magnetick\u00e9 bou\u0159e“ (geomagnetick\u00e9 poruchy, zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edchodem sol\u00e1rn\u00edch v\u011btrn\u00fdch proud\u016f do bl\u00edzkosti Zem\u011b a jejich interakce s magnetosf\u00e9rou na\u0161\u00ed planety), n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed prav\u00e1ci na n\u011bkolik hodin n\u00e1hle za\u010dnou v\u00edce pou\u017e\u00edvat levou ruku. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b toho se v\u011bdci domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee mo\u017en\u00e1 magnetick\u00e9 pole p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00ed na mozek m\u016f\u017ee zm\u011bnit prav\u00e1ka na lev\u00e1ka a naopak.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkter\u00e9 p\u0159edchoz\u00ed studie uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee d\u016fle\u017eitou roli v tomto procesu je zadn\u00ed pariet\u00e1ln\u00ed k\u016fra mozku.<\/p>\n

Skupina v\u011bdc\u016f z Kalifornsk\u00e9 university v Berkeley, pod veden\u00edm Dr. Flavio Oliveira<\/em> (1), se rozhodla tuto oblast mozku vystavit p\u016fsoben\u00ed magnetick\u00e9ho pole – transkrani\u00e1ln\u00ed magnetick\u00e9 stimulaci<\/em> (2).<\/p>\n

V podstat\u011b „zmagnetizovali“ zcela p\u0159esn\u011b ohrani\u010den\u00fd prostor – spodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st vnit\u0159n\u011b temenn\u00e9 br\u00e1zdy mozkov\u00fdch hemisf\u00e9r (Intrapariet\u00e1ln\u00ed sulcus<\/em>). (3)<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky experimentu udivily ka\u017ed\u00e9ho \u2013 pokusn\u00e9 osoby \u2013 do experimentu klasi\u010dt\u00ed prav\u00e1ci \u2013 se po experimentu na hodinu zm\u011bnili v lev\u00e1ky! P\u0159itom \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd z nich nec\u00edtil nijakou bolest hlavy nebo n\u011bjakou jinou pot\u00ed\u017e. Jen\u017ee, stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem se nepoda\u0159ilo zm\u011bnit lev\u00e1ka na prav\u00e1ka ani na p\u011bt minut.<\/p>\n

V\u011bdci tak\u00e9 zaznamenali, \u017ee v\u0161ichni \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci experimentu se nejen rozhodli pou\u017e\u00edvat levou ruku m\u00edsto prav\u00e9, ale za\u010dali myslet a chovat se tak, jako to d\u011blaj\u00ed ti, co pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed levou ruku. Ukazuje se, \u017ee byl ovlivn\u011bn nejen pariet\u00e1ln\u00ed sulcus<\/em>, ale i dal\u0161\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00ed oblasti mozku (jen\u017ee v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci nejsou je\u0161t\u011b schopni \u0159\u00edci, kter\u00e9\u2026).<\/p>\n

Ji\u017e nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm tajemstv\u00edm, \u017ee u lev\u00e1k\u016f, na rozd\u00edl od prav\u00e1k\u016f dominuje p\u0159edn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st prav\u00e9 hemisf\u00e9ry mozku. To vede k tomu, \u017ee kdy\u017e lev\u00e1k zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1 informaci, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 „vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed okam\u017eitou metodu\u201c, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zpracov\u00e1no sou\u010dasn\u011b n\u011bkolik my\u0161lenek.<\/p>\n

Uka\u017eme si to na n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladu: existuje tis\u00edce \u017elut\u00fdch tenisov\u00fdch m\u00ed\u010dk\u016f a jeden \u010derven\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Prav\u00e1k, kter\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 line\u00e1rn\u00ed sekven\u010dn\u00ed styl zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed, se pod\u00edv\u00e1 na ka\u017ed\u00fd z m\u00ed\u010dk\u016f popo\u0159ad\u011b, dokud nenajde \u010derven\u00fd. Ale lev\u00e1k je uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 v\u0161echny p\u0159ed sebe a pod\u00edv\u00e1 se na v\u0161echny m\u00ed\u010dky najednou. Experimenty ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee \u010derven\u00fd m\u00ed\u010dek lev\u00e1k najde v\u017edy rychleji.<\/p>\n

Vedlej\u0161\u00edm efektem rozd\u00edln\u00fdch styl\u016f zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed je, \u017ee prav\u00e1k rad\u011bji dokon\u010d\u00ed jeden \u00fakol, ne\u017e zah\u00e1j\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed. Lev\u00e1ci, naopak, jsou schopni rychle p\u0159ep\u00ednat mezi n\u011bkolika \u00fakoly. Proto se m\u00e1 za to, \u017ee jsou l\u00e9pe schopni k prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch multi\u00fakol\u016f.<\/p>\n

Ale zp\u011bt k v\u00fdsledk\u016fm v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch „magnetick\u00fdch“ experiment\u016f. Podle v\u011bdc\u016f, v\u0161echny pokusn\u00e9 osoby, kter\u00e9 pro\u0161li magnetick\u00fdm p\u016fsoben\u00edm na mozek, byli n\u011bjakou dobu schopni pou\u017e\u00edvat \u201evizu\u00e1ln\u00ed simult\u00e1nn\u00ed metody\u201c zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed, kterou do t\u00e9 doby v podobn\u00fdch situac\u00edch nepou\u017e\u00edvali. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se zm\u011bnili na lev\u00e1ky – nejen navenek, ale i vnit\u0159n\u011b.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00e1 je praktick\u00e1 hodnota takov\u00e9ho experimentu, tedy, za jak\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed se prav\u00e1k m\u00e1 zm\u011bnit na lev\u00e1ka? V prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b by to bylo v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 pro herce, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 hr\u00e1t lev\u00e1ka. Podle n\u00e1zoru mnoha re\u017eis\u00e9r\u016f, pro herce – prav\u00e1ky je velmi t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 hr\u00e1t lev\u00e1ky, v\u017edy zapomenou, kter\u00e1 ruka je pro jeho hrdinu ta hlavn\u00ed. Nyn\u00ed se zd\u00e1, \u017ee probl\u00e9m m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vy\u0159e\u0161en.<\/p>\n

I pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 odborn\u00edky, pod\u00edlej\u00edc\u00ed se na multivaria\u010dn\u00ed anal\u00fdze n\u011bjak\u00e9ho jevu, by bylo n\u011bkdy u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 se st\u00e1t lev\u00e1ky. Takov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza vy\u017eaduje ty, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou schopni \u0159e\u0161it n\u011bkolik ot\u00e1zek najednou, a v\u00edme, \u017ee to jde l\u00e9pe lev\u00e1k\u016fm. St\u00e1t se „lev\u00e1kem na hodinu“ by uv\u00edtali um\u011blci a skladatel\u00e9 – u t\u011bchto profes\u00ed lev\u00e1ci byli v\u017edy \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e prav\u00e1ci.<\/p>\n

Ale ka\u017ed\u00e9mu, kdo by cht\u011bl za\u017e\u00edt takovou transformaci, je t\u0159eba p\u0159ipomenout i mo\u017en\u00e9 negativn\u00ed d\u016fsledky. Je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee lev\u00e1ci jsou v\u00edce emocion\u00e1ln\u011b nestabiln\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s prav\u00e1ky. V\u011bdci tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee lev\u00e1ci maj\u00ed tendenci velmi rychle m\u011bnit n\u00e1lady – od euforie k tot\u00e1ln\u00ed depresi m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jen krok. Jde o to, \u017ee p\u0159i vzniku negativn\u00edch emoc\u00ed p\u016fsob\u00ed v\u00edce prav\u00e1 hemisf\u00e9ra mozku, pr\u00e1v\u011b ta, kter\u00e1 je aktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed u lev\u00e1k\u016f.<\/p>\n

Krom\u011b toho, dominance prav\u00e9 hemisf\u00e9ry m\u016f\u017ee pono\u0159it \u010dlov\u011bka do sv\u011bta jeho nitra tak hluboko, \u017ee to jeho psychika nemus\u00ed vydr\u017eet. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt b\u00fdval\u00fd prav\u00e1k n\u011bkdy schopen odolat n\u00e1poru sv\u00fdch fantazi\u00ed. V\u00fdsledkem je, \u017ee ob\u010dan, b\u011b\u017en\u011b dodr\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1kony, se p\u0159i p\u0159em\u011bn\u011b na lev\u00e1ka m\u016f\u017ee zm\u011bnit v nadan\u00e9ho zlo\u010dince. Mimochodem v\u00edme, \u017ee mnoho lev\u00e1k\u016f najdeme mezi kaps\u00e1\u0159i, hr\u00e1\u010di karet a podvodn\u00edky, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bry sv\u00fdch ob\u011bt\u00ed – to znamen\u00e1 v takov\u00fdch oblastech zlo\u010dinu, je\u017e vy\u017eaduj\u00ed schopnosti rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy a vyvinut\u00e9 p\u0159edstavivosti.<\/p>\n

Zp\u016fsob p\u0159ed\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed prav\u00e1k\u016f na lev\u00e1ky je tedy je\u0161t\u011b v nedohlednu. I kdy\u017e, mo\u017en\u00e1 v bl\u00edzk\u00e9 budoucnosti, bude moci ka\u017ed\u00fd bez probl\u00e9m\u016f desetkr\u00e1t za den, ps\u00e1t najednou pravou a tu zase levou rukou.<\/p>\n

Odkazy<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

(1) http:\/\/socrates.berkeley.edu\/~oflavio\/<\/a> <\/em>
\n(2) http:\/\/zdravi.e15.cz\/clanek\/priloha-lekarske-listy\/transkranialni-magneticka-stimulace-v-terapii-neuropsychiatricky-275030<\/a> <\/em>
\n(3) http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Intraparietal_sulcus<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

… na hodinu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":492,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[60,39],"class_list":["post-495","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezarazene","tag-clovek","tag-psychologie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/495","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=495"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/495\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":496,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/495\/revisions\/496"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/492"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=495"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=495"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=495"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}