{"id":618,"date":"2023-07-19T00:55:50","date_gmt":"2023-07-18T22:55:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/?p=618"},"modified":"2023-07-27T04:19:56","modified_gmt":"2023-07-27T02:19:56","slug":"vyzkum-posmrtnych-stavu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/2023\/07\/19\/vyzkum-posmrtnych-stavu\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdzkum posmrtn\u00fdch stav\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdzkum posmrtn\u00fdch stav\u016f, vym\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed z t\u011bla – Out of body experience (OBE)<\/strong> V posledn\u00edch 5 letech prob\u00edh\u00e1 v\u00fdzkumn\u00fd projekt, kter\u00fd se sna\u017e\u00ed v\u011bdecky prozkoumat subjektivn\u00ed stavy lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed se ocitli na prahu smrti a vid\u011bli sv\u00e9 t\u011blo shora, jak le\u017e\u00ed skoro mrtv\u00e9 na posteli.<\/p>\n

Jimo Borjiginov\u00e1<\/em><\/strong> (1) z Univerzity v Michiganu provedla experimenty s potkany. Po z\u00e1stav\u011b srdce potkana vykazovala k\u0159ivka aktivitu mozku na \u00farovni gama – jako p\u0159i bd\u011bl\u00e9m stavu po dobu t\u0159iceti sekund.<\/p>\n

Neurochirurg Eben Alexander<\/em> <\/strong>(2) byl dlouho skeptikem, ale jen a\u017e do vlastn\u00edho z\u00e1\u017eitku. Od t\u00e9 doby pova\u017euje z\u00e1\u017eitky bl\u00edzkosti smrti za absolutn\u011b re\u00e1ln\u00e9. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee v\u0161ichni, co m\u011bli takov\u00fdto z\u00e1\u017eitek, se po n\u011bm psychicky zm\u011bnili a vn\u00edmaj\u00ed \u017eivot zcela jinak.<\/p>\n

Sam Parnia<\/strong><\/em> (3) \u2013 l\u00e9ka\u0159, expert na o\u017eivov\u00e1n\u00ed a jeho Aware team (4) (5), za\u010dal v roce 2008 dlouhodob\u00fd v\u00fdzkum t\u011bchto z\u00e1\u017eitk\u016f. Nyn\u00ed, v roce 2013, maj\u00ed b\u00fdt uve\u0159ejn\u011bny prvn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky.<\/p>\n

Jeho l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fd t\u00fdm prov\u00e1d\u00ed experiment pro kontrolu realitu tzv. z\u00e1\u017eitk\u016f t\u011bla (OBE) a z\u00e1\u017eitk\u016f bl\u00edzk\u00e9 smrti (NDE): um\u00edstili fotografie na stropy ambulanc\u00ed v 18 nemocnic\u00edch v USA a Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii.<\/p>\n

Obrazy jsou um\u00edst\u011bny l\u00edcem nahoru, tak\u017ee jsou vid\u011bt pouze z v\u00fd\u0161ky. Ti, kte\u0159\u00ed \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, \u017ee za\u017eili klinickou smrt, pr\u00fd vystoupili z t\u011bla. „Um\u00edstili jsme tam ty fotky jako objektivn\u00ed zkou\u0161ku,“<\/em> vysv\u011btlil pro The Wall Street Journal<\/em> na konci \u0159\u00edjna doktor Sam Parnia<\/em> (6), l\u00e9ka\u0159 z jednotky intenzivn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de a v\u011bdec.<\/p>\n

Je vedouc\u00ed skupiny projektu AWARE<\/em> (7), kter\u00e1 za \u00fa\u010dasti l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f ve zdravotn\u00edch st\u0159edisc\u00edch v Evrop\u011b a Severn\u00ed Americe pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed technologie ke studiu mozku a v\u011bdom\u00ed p\u0159i z\u00e1stav\u011b srdce.<\/p>\n

Vedouc\u00ed projektu Aware je Sam Parnia<\/em> (8) z univerzity v Southamptonu. Tato iniciativa byla zah\u00e1jena v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2008. V\u00fdzkum se prov\u00e1d\u00ed v 18 nemocnic\u00edch, a p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee b\u011bhem experimentu v nich dojde k p\u0159ijet\u00ed 15.000 pacient\u016f s infarktem, z nich\u017e asi 1500 bude pot\u0159eba resuscitovat.<\/p>\n

Mezi 10% a 20% z t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed proch\u00e1zej\u00ed procesem resuscitace si pamatuj\u00ed, \u017ee vystoupili ze sv\u00e9ho t\u011bla a vid\u011bli sv\u011bteln\u00fd tunel, nebo se vid\u011bli shora, jak se ho l\u00e9ka\u0159i sna\u017e\u00ed o\u017eivovat.<\/p>\n

Parnia<\/em> a jeho kolegov\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed s n\u011bkolika stovkami takov\u00fdch sv\u011bdectv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Opravdu se lid\u00e9 vid\u00ed z v\u00fd\u0161ky b\u011bhem OBE? Nebo jsou to v\u0161echno jen iluze? To je podstata tohoto experimentu. Pokud do\u0161lo k vym\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed v\u011bdom\u00ed, kter\u00e9 tak vn\u00edm\u00e1 realitu skute\u010dn\u011b z v\u00fd\u0161ky, mus\u00ed tedy vid\u011bt i obr\u00e1zky viditeln\u00e9 pouze od stropu.<\/p>\n

„Jestli po 36 m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch ani jeden ze stovek pacient\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee byli mimo t\u011blo n\u00e1m ne\u0159ekne, co vid\u011bl na jednom z t\u011bchto obr\u00e1zk\u016f, pak mus\u00edme vz\u00edt v \u00favahu, \u017ee tyto p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy jsou jen sny,“<\/em> napsal Parnia<\/em> p\u0159ed dv\u011bma roky na BBC. (9)<\/p>\n

Tento badatel se domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee NDE (Near-Death Experience \u2013 z\u00e1\u017eitky bl\u00edzk\u00e9 smrti)<\/em> mohou b\u00fdt skute\u010dn\u00e9 a mohou otev\u0159\u00edt novou oblast v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu. To by mohlo zm\u011bnit v\u0161e, co je zn\u00e1mo o lidsk\u00e9 mysli, od jej\u00edho vzniku v mozku a\u017e do jeho z\u00e1niku po smrti.<\/p>\n

Diane Corcoran<\/strong><\/em>, prezidentka Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed asociace pro v\u00fdzkum NDE (10) \u0159ekla: „V\u017edy existuj\u00ed skeptici, ale i miliony t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed v\u011bd\u00ed, co se jim stalo a nestaraj\u00ed se o to, co \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed ostatn\u00ed.“<\/em><\/p>\n

Pokud seri\u00f3zn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum OBE nebo NDE, tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako astr\u00e1ln\u00ed cestov\u00e1n\u00ed, najde fyziologick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny p\u016fvodu t\u011bchto jev\u016f, vysv\u011btl\u00ed to jejich jasnou kulturn\u00ed univerz\u00e1lnost.<\/p>\n

Ze studie, zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 v dubnu 2010 v \u010dasopise Critical Care<\/em> (11) vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee NDE m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vyvol\u00e1na vysokou \u00farovn\u00ed oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho v krvi. „Zjistili jsme, \u017ee u pacient\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed za\u017eili tento jev, byla hladina oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho v krvi v\u00fdznamn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed jej neza\u017eili,“<\/em> prohl\u00e1sila Zalika Klemenc-Ketis<\/em><\/strong> (12) z Univerzity v Mariboru ve Slovinsku, po anal\u00fdze 52 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f resuscitovan\u00fdch pacient\u016f, z nich\u017e 11 m\u011bli tyto z\u00e1\u017eitky.<\/p>\n

Neurolog Oliver Sacks<\/strong><\/em> (13) ve sv\u00e9 knize o halucinac\u00edch (14) p\u00ed\u0161e, \u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk p\u0159i probuzen\u00ed z k\u00f3matu m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt r\u016fzn\u00e9 p\u0159echodn\u00e9 f\u00e1ze v\u011bdom\u00ed i se z\u00e1\u017eitky bl\u00edzkosti smrti.<\/p>\n

Kevin Nelson<\/strong><\/em> z University v Kentucky (15) p\u00ed\u0161e, \u017ee kdy\u017e nen\u00ed oko dostate\u010dn\u011b prokrven\u00e9, vid\u00ed v\u0161echno \u010dern\u011b a tato tma za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 u okraje, tak\u017ee vznik\u00e1 vize jakoby tunelu se zbytkem sv\u011btla uprost\u0159ed. Po n\u00e1vratu v\u011bdom\u00ed za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed o\u010di mrkat jako v REM f\u00e1zi sp\u00e1nku a zase vid\u00ed sv\u011btlo.<\/p>\n

Ale aspekt lidstv\u00ed \u2013 v\u011bdom\u00ed, v\u011bda zat\u00edm vysv\u011btlit neum\u00ed. Jak vysv\u011btlit, \u017ee v\u011bdom\u00ed existuje mimo t\u011blo, nez\u00e1visle na mozku, se zat\u00edm neda\u0159\u00ed objasnit.<\/p>\n

Zdroje:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

(1) http:\/\/www.physiology.med.umich.edu\/research\/profiles\/borjigin.htm<\/a><\/em>
\n(2) http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eben_Alexander_%28author%29<\/a> <\/em>
\n(3) http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sam_Parnia<\/a><\/em>
\n(4) http:\/\/www.horizonresearch.org\/main_page.php?cat_id=38<\/a><\/em>
\n(5) http:\/\/www.nourfoundation.com\/events\/Beyond-the-Mind-Body-Problem\/The-Human-Consciousness-Project\/the-AWARE-study.html<\/a><\/em>
\n(6) http:\/\/online.wsj.com\/<\/a><\/em>
\n(7) http:\/\/www.nourfoundation.com\/events\/Beyond-the-Mind-Body-Problem\/The-Human-Consciousness-Project\/the-AWARE-study.html<\/a><\/em>
\n(8) http:\/\/www.nourfoundation.com\/<\/a><\/em>
\n(9) http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/today\/hi\/today\/newsid_7622000\/7622456.stm<\/a><\/em>
\n(10) http:\/\/iands.org\/home.html<\/a><\/em>
\n(11) http:\/\/ccforum.com\/content\/pdf\/cc8952.pdf<\/a><\/em>
\n(12) http:\/\/www.eurekalert.org\/pub_releases\/2010-04\/bc-cdm040610.php<\/a><\/em>
\n(13) http:\/\/www.oliversacks.com\/<\/a> <\/em>
\n(14) http:\/\/www.oliversacks.com\/books\/hallucinations\/<\/a><\/em>
\n(15) http:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/node\/49712<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

\u010ct\u011bte d\u00e1le:<\/em>
\nCo se stane po smrti s lidsk\u00fdm v\u011bdom\u00edm? Sv\u011bt objev\u016f, 10\/2013, s. 30-33<\/em>
\nPosmrtn\u00fd \u017eivot existuje. http:\/\/www.blisty.cz\/art\/65461.html<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdzkum posmrtn\u00fdch stav\u016f, vym\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed z t\u011bla – Out of body experience (OBE)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":373,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,13],"tags":[67],"class_list":["post-618","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-veda","category-zazitky","tag-oobe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/618","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=618"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/618\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":619,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/618\/revisions\/619"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/373"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=618"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=618"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=618"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}