{"id":968,"date":"2023-10-16T00:12:55","date_gmt":"2023-10-15T22:12:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/?p=968"},"modified":"2023-11-26T00:15:57","modified_gmt":"2023-11-25T23:15:57","slug":"zivot-bez-stresu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/2023\/10\/16\/zivot-bez-stresu\/","title":{"rendered":"\u017divot bez stresu ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>L\u00e9ka\u0159i u\u017e d\u00e1vno zjistili, \u017ee negativn\u00ed emoce jsou \u010dasto p\u016fvodcem takov\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed,<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!--more--> jako je vysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak, bronchi\u00e1lni astma, alergie, \u017ealude\u010dn\u00ed v\u0159ed nebo v\u0159ed na dvan\u00e1ctern\u00edku, infarkt aj. To tedy znamen\u00e1, \u017ee bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed a nejprost\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011br je takov\u00fdto: nechce\u0161-li onemocn\u011bt, vyh\u00fdbej se negativn\u00edm emoc\u00edm.<\/p>\n<p>V medic\u00edn\u011b existuje psychosomatick\u00fd sm\u011br (\u201es\u00f3ma&#8220; znamen\u00e1 \u0159ecky t\u011blo), kter\u00fd se zakl\u00e1d\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b na tomto z\u00e1v\u011bru: P\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou mnoha nemoci jsou negativn\u00ed emoce, kter\u00e9 p\u016fsob\u00ed na lidi. Ve skute\u010dnosti v\u0161echno nelze \u2014 jak rovn\u011b\u017e zjistili l\u00e9ka\u0159i \u2014 vysv\u011btlit touto teori\u00ed. Je p\u0159ekvapiv\u00e9 i v\u0161eobecn\u011b uzn\u00e1van\u00e9, \u017ee v dob\u00e1ch nejstra\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00edch ot\u0159es\u016f, jako jsou v\u00e1lky a blok\u00e1dy, kdy vznik\u00e1 nes\u010detn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed negativn\u00edch emoc\u00ed a kdy se \u017eivotn\u00ed podm\u00ednky st\u00e1vaj\u00ed krajn\u011b t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9, mnoh\u00e9 psychosomatick\u00e9 nemoci (v\u0159ed dvan\u00e1ctern\u00edku, hypertonick\u00e1 nemoc a alergie) miz\u00ed, jestli\u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk vede aktivn\u00ed zp\u016fsob \u017eivota. D\u016fkladn\u011b prozkoum\u00e1n je takov\u00fd fenom\u00e9n, jak\u00fdm byla \u201eblok\u00e1dn\u00ed hypertonie&#8220; obyvatel Leningradu.<\/p>\n<p>Za nelidsky t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9ho \u017eivota v extr\u00e9mn\u00edm nap\u011bt\u00ed v obl\u00e9han\u00e9m Leningradu nebyli mezi jeho obyvateli t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00ed lid\u00e9 trp\u00edc\u00ed hypertonickou nemoc\u00ed. Po skon\u010den\u00ed blok\u00e1dy, kdy se extr\u00e9mn\u00ed vyp\u011bt\u00ed boje o existenci zm\u00edrnilo a lid\u00e9 se za\u010dali m\u00e9n\u011b br\u00e1nit t\u011b\u017ekostem, p\u0159\u00edpady hypertonick\u00e9 nemoci se op\u011bt objevily.<\/p>\n<p>Ji\u017e d\u00e1vno nez\u016fstalo nepov\u0161imnuto, \u017ee vypjat\u00e1 a odpov\u011bdn\u00e1 \u010dinnost zvy\u0161uje odolnost organismu proti naka\u017eliv\u00fdm nemocem. Nap\u0159\u00edklad l\u00e9ka\u0159i, zdravotn\u00ed sestry a sanit\u00e1\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed ob\u011btav\u011b z\u00e1pasili s epidemi\u00ed moru \u010di cholery, se t\u011bmito stra\u0161n\u00fdmi nemocemi v\u011bt\u0161inou nenakazili.<\/p>\n<p>Znamen\u00e1 to tedy, \u017ee stres\u016f se nen\u00ed t\u0159eba b\u00e1t a \u017ee nejsou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed? V\u016fbec ne. Z jedn\u00e9 strany je stres norm\u00e1ln\u00ed a nutnou slo\u017ekou aktivn\u00edho \u017eivota a z druh\u00e9 strany je p\u0159edpokladem pro vznik onemocn\u011bn\u00ed nebo dokonce z\u00e1nik organismu. Kde je tedy hranice mezi t\u00edm, kdy reakce na stres je nutnou slo\u017ekou adaptace, a t\u00edm, kdy stresov\u00e1 reakce vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed? Sov\u011bt\u0161t\u00ed v\u011bdci Vadim Rotenberg a Viktor Ar\u0161avskij p\u0159edlo\u017eili vysv\u011btlen\u00ed vzniku psychosomatick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Podle jejich hypot\u00e9zy nespo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina vzniku psychosomatick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed v emoci \u2014 a\u0165 kladn\u00e9 \u010di z\u00e1porn\u00e9 \u2014 n\u00fdbr\u017e v typu chov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka, ve stupni jeho aktivity. Prozkoumali r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy chov\u00e1n\u00ed a objevili, jak ten \u010di onen typ chov\u00e1n\u00ed ovliv\u0148uje pr\u016fb\u011bh nemoci. P\u0159itom se z\u0159eteln\u011b objevila z\u00e1konitost spo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed v tom, \u017ee aktivn\u011b obrann\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed stimuluje mechanismy adaptace a jaksi blokuje v\u00fdvoj nemoci. Pasivn\u011b obrann\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed zesiluje mo\u017enost onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, potla\u010duje obrann\u00e9 s\u00edly organismu nebo dokonce vede k jeho z\u00e1hub\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed my\u0161lenkou hypot\u00e9zy se stala koncepce hleda\u010dsk\u00e9 aktivity. Auto\u0159i klasifikuj\u00ed typy chov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka, vych\u00e1zej\u00edce p\u0159itom z toho, zda v n\u011bm je nebo nen\u00ed hleda\u010dsk\u00e1 aktivita. Hled\u00e1n\u00ed aktivn\u00edho v\u00fdchodiska z nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 situace nebo z\u0159eknuti se, upu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed od hled\u00e1n\u00ed \u2014 to jsou typy chov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f i \u010dlov\u011bka, kter\u00e9 jsou, jak prav\u00ed auto\u0159i hypot\u00e9zy \u2014 podstatn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm faktorem ne\u017e vlastnost emocion\u00e1ln\u00edho stresu (z\u00e1porn\u00e9ho \u010di kladn\u00e9ho).<\/p>\n<p>Podle n\u00e1zoru autor\u016f hypot\u00e9zy \u201eje z\u00e1porn\u00e1 emoce, prov\u00e1zen\u00e1 aktivitou a stimuluj\u00edc\u00ed hled\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdchodiska ze vznikl\u00e9 situace, p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro organismus ne\u017e relativn\u011b klidn\u00fd emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed stav s n\u00edzkou \u00farovn\u00ed hleda\u010dsk\u00e9 aktivity&#8220;. A ne\u010dinnost je u\u017e biologicky \u0161kodliv\u00e1, nejen pro jednotliv\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka, ale i pro celou populaci, a tedy i pro pokrok.<\/p>\n<p>\u0158\u00edk\u00e1 se, \u017ee r\u00e1ny v\u00edt\u011bz\u016f se hoj\u00ed rychleji ne\u017e r\u00e1ny pora\u017een\u00fdch. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1-li nap\u0159\u00edklad \u010dlov\u011bk operaci zcela ochromen strachem, sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed ji h\u016f\u0159 a tak\u00e9 jeho poopera\u010dn\u00ed stav se zlep\u0161uje pomaleji. Pr\u00e1v\u011b koncepce hleda\u010dsk\u00e9 aktivity pom\u00e1h\u00e1 vysv\u011btlit p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny mal\u00e9ho po\u010dtu psychosomatick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed za v\u00e1lky, i v koncentra\u010dn\u00edch t\u00e1borech.<\/p>\n<p>Hled\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdchodiska z nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 situace se u zv\u00ed\u0159at projevuje hlavn\u011b v \u00fat\u011bku, anebo v \u00fatoku (agresi). U civilizovan\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka lze takov\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed pozorovat jen z\u0159\u00eddka a jeho hleda\u010dsk\u00e1 aktivita se projevuje v pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fdch akc\u00ed a v p\u0159ehodnocen\u00ed situace. Tyto dva typy chov\u00e1n\u00ed se vyskytuj\u00ed nejen na podklad\u011b z\u00e1porn\u00fdch, ale i kladn\u00fdch situac\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Dos\u00e1hne-li \u010dlov\u011bk vyt\u010den\u00e9ho c\u00edle a je spokojen\u00fd se svou situac\u00ed, pak se mu nab\u00edzej\u00ed dv\u011b mo\u017enosti: bu\u010f si vyty\u010d\u00ed nov\u00e9 c\u00edle a dosahuje jich dokonce za cenu neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9ho \u00fasil\u00ed, ztr\u00e1t a nezdar\u016f (takov\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed je charakteristick\u00e9 pro v\u011bt\u0161inu tv\u016fr\u010d\u00edch osobnost\u00ed), nebo se spokoj\u00ed s dosa\u017een\u00fdm a upou\u0161t\u00ed od dal\u0161\u00edho hled\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>V prvn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 aktivn\u00ed postoj v z\u00e1porn\u00e9 situaci k udr\u017een\u00ed zdrav\u00ed takov\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka. V druh\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, kdy v\u0161eho ji\u017e bylo dosa\u017eeno a nen\u00ed nov\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f, b\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010dlov\u011bk nez\u0159\u00eddka posti\u017een takzvanou \u201enemoc\u00ed z \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f, z dosa\u017een\u00e9ho&#8220;. Hlavn\u00edm \u010dinitelem, kter\u00fd p\u016fsob\u00ed na na\u0161e zdrav\u00ed, je charakter chov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka, m\u00edra jeho hleda\u010dsk\u00e9 aktivity, to, jak reaguje na z\u00e1porn\u00e9 nebo kladn\u00e9 emoce.<\/p>\n<p>Je-li hleda\u010dsk\u00e1 aktivita z\u00e1rukou na\u0161eho zdrav\u00ed, pak je nutno ji neust\u00e1le v \u010dlov\u011bku rozv\u00edjet. T\u0159eba\u017ee je p\u0159edpoklad pro rozvoj t\u00e9to krajn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 vlastnosti v\u0161eho \u017eiv\u00e9ho na Zemi ji\u017e d\u00e1n v genech, lze jej vyp\u011bstov\u00e1vat od kojeneck\u00e9ho v\u011bku, a po cel\u00fd \u017eivot. Trp\u00ed-li od nej\u00fatlej\u0161\u00edho v\u011bku jak\u00e9koli po\u010d\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed nezdar nebo p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed-li zklam\u00e1n\u00ed, pak to zab\u00edj\u00ed chu\u0165 k hleda\u010dstv\u00ed. Samo hled\u00e1n\u00ed ztr\u00e1c\u00ed sv\u016fj smysl i v tom p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, kdy\u017e se v\u0161echno od samotn\u00e9ho za\u010d\u00e1tku z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 snadno, nevyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 probl\u00e9my ani t\u011b\u017ekosti.<\/p>\n<p>Velkou \u00falohu m\u00e1 hleda\u010dsk\u00e1 aktivita ve st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed. Takzvan\u00fd d\u016fchodov\u00fd syndrom nast\u00e1v\u00e1 u aktivn\u00edch lid\u00ed po odchodu do d\u016fchodu. Je nap\u0159. zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee mezi v\u011bdci, kte\u0159\u00ed do konce sv\u00fdch dn\u016f \u017eij\u00ed neust\u00e1lou tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed \u010dinnost\u00ed, se mnoz\u00ed do\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed vysok\u00e9ho v\u011bku.<\/p>\n<p><em>Alexandr Tatulov (APN)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u010cten\u00ed \u010d. 4, 1984 s. 24 &#8211;<\/em> 25<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u00e9ka\u0159i u\u017e d\u00e1vno zjistili, \u017ee negativn\u00ed emoce jsou \u010dasto p\u016fvodcem takov\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":256,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,12],"tags":[39,51],"class_list":["post-968","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-souvislosti","category-zdravi-2","tag-psychologie","tag-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/968","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=968"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/968\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":969,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/968\/revisions\/969"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/256"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=968"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=968"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cestypsychotroniky.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=968"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}